Caracas

Caracas
Caracas
	Ceety
	Santiago de León de Caracas
	Banner Coat airms
	Eik-name(s): La Odalisca del Ávila (The Avila's Odalisque); La Sucursal del Cielo (Heaven's Branch on Earth); "La Ciudad de la Eterna Primavera"(The Ceety o Eternal Spring)
	Motto(s): Ave María Purísima, sin pecado concebida, en el primer instante de su ser natural
	Caracas
	Coordinates: 10°30′N 66°55′W / 10.500°N 66.917°WCoordinates: 10°30′N 66°55′W / 10.500°N 66.917°W
Kintra	Venezuela
State	Caipital Destrict
Foondit	25 Julie 1567
Foondit bi	Diego de Losada
Metropolitan	Municipalities: Libertador, Chacao, Baruta, Sucre, El Hatillo
Govrenment
• Teep	Mayor-cooncil
• Bodi	Govrenment o the Caipital Destrict / Mayorship o the Metropolitan Destrict
• Chief o Govrenment / Mayor	Jacqueline Faría / Antonio Ledezma
Area
• Ceety	433 km2 (167 sq mi)
• Metro	1930 km2 (750 sq mi)
Elevation	900 m (3,000 ft)
Highest elevation	2100 m (6,900 ft)
Lowest elevation	700 m (2,300 ft)
Population (2011)
• Ceety	3,273,863
• Density	4212.9/km2 (10,911/sq mi)
• Metro	5,297,026
• Metro density	1123.4/km2 (2,910/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	caraqueño (m), caraqueña (f)
Time zone	UTC– 04:30 (VST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC– 04:30 (no observit)
Postal codit	1010-A
Aurie code	212
ISO 3166 code	VE-A
Website	Caipital Destrict Metropolitan Destrict
	The aurie an population figurs are the sum o the figurs o the five municipalities (leetit abuin) that mak up the Distrito Metropolitano.

Caracas (Spaingie pronunciation: [kaˈɾakas]), offeecially Santiago de León de Caracas, is the caipital an lairgest ceety o Venezuela. It is locatit in the northren pairt o the kintra, follaein the contours o the narrae Caracas Glen on the Venezuelan coastal muntain range (Cordillera de la Costa). The glen's temperaturs ar warelike. Terrain suitable for biggin lees atween 760 an 910 m (2,493.44 an 2,985.56 ft) abuin sea level. The glen is close tae the Caribbean Sea, separatit frae the coast bi a steep 2200 m (7400 ft) hie muntain range, Cerro Ávila; tae the sooth thare ar mair hills an muntains.

El Distrito Metropolitano de Caracas (Metropolitan Destrict o Caracas) includes the Distrito Capital (the caipital ceety proper) an fower ither municipalities in Miranda State includin Chacao, Baruta, Sucre, an El Hatillo. The Distrito Capital haed a population o 2,097,350 as o 2009, while that o Distrito Metropolitano wis estimatit at 3,196,514 (as o 2008).

History

At the time o the foondin o the ceety, mair nor fower hunder years ago, the glen o Caracas wis populatit bi indigenous fowks. Francisco Fajardo, the son o a Spaingie caiptain an a Guaiqueri cacica, attemptit tae establish a plantation in the glen in 1562 efter foondin a series o coastal touns. Fajardo's dounset did no last lang. It wis destroyed bi natives o the region led bi Terepaima an Guaicaipuro. This wis the last rebellion on the pairt o the natives. On 25 Julie 1567, Caiptain Diego de Losada laid the foondations o the ceety o Santiago de León de Caracas. The foondation −1567 – “A tak possession o this laund in the name o God an the Keeng” These wur the wirds o Don Diego de Losada in foondin the ceety o Caracas on 25 Julie 1567. In 1577 Caracas became the caipital o the Spaingie Empire's Venezuela Province unner Govrenor Juan de Pimentel (1576–1583).

Durin the 17t century, the coast o Venezuela wis frequently raidit bi pirates. Wi the coastal muntains as a barrier, Caracas wis relatively immune tae such attacks – ane o the raisons it became the principal ceety o the region. Housomeivver, in the 1680s, buccaneers crossed the muntains throu a little-uised pass while the toun's defenders wur guardin the mair aften-uised ane, an encoonterin little resistance, sackit an set fire tae the toun.^[2]

As the cocoa cultivation unner the Compañía Guipuzcoana de Caracas grew in importance, the ceety expandit. In 1777, Caracas became the caipital o the Caiptaincy General o Venezuela.

José María España an Manuel Gual led an attemptit revolution aimit at unthirdom, but the rebellion wis put doun on 13 Julie 1797. Caracas wis ultimately the steid o the signin o a Declaration o Unthirldom on 5 Julie 1811. In 1812, a yirdquauk destroyed Caracas. The revolutionar war continued till 24 Juin 1821, when Bolívar defeatit ryalists in the Battle o Carabobo.^[3]

Caracas grew in economic importance durin Venezuela's ile boom in the early 20t century. Durin the 1950s, Caracas began an intensive modrenization program which continued throuoot the 1960s an early 1970s. The Universidad Central de Venezuela, designed bi modrenist airchitect Carlos Raúl Villanueva an declared Warld Heritage Steid bi UNESCO, wis biggit. New wirkin an middle-cless residential destricts sproutit in the glen, extendin the urban aurie towards the east an sootheast. Joinin El Silencio, designed bi Villanueva an aw, wur several wirkers' hoosin destricts, 23 de Enero an Simon Rodriguez. Middle cless developments include Bello Monte, Los Palos Grandes, Chuao, an El Cafetal. The dramatic chynge in the economic structur o the kintra, which went frae bein primarily agricultural tae dependent on ile production, stimulatit the fast development o Caracas, an made it a magnet for fowk in landwart commonties who migratit tae the caipital ceety in an unplanned fashion searchin for greater economic opportunity. This migration created the rancho (slum) belt o the glen o Caracas.

Internaitional relations

Caracas is twinned wi:

Asunción, Paraguay Bogotá, Colombie Buenos Aires, Argentinae Cochabamba, Bolivie Cluj-Napoca, Romanie Algiers, Algerie El Aaiún, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Fortaleza, Brazil Guatemala Ceety, Guatemala Havana, Cuba Istanbul, Turkey^[4]^[5] La Paz, Bolivie Lisbon, Portugal Madrid, Spain^[6] Managua, Nicaragua	Mexico Ceety, Mexico Minsk, Belaroushie^[7] Miami, USA Milan, Italy Montevideo, Uruguay Moscow, Roushie Navi Mumbai, Indie New Orleans, USA Panama Ceety, Panama Paris, Fraunce Quezon Ceety, Philippines Reykjavík, Iceland Rio de Janeiro, Brazil San José, Costa Rica	San Juan, Puerto Rico San Salvador, El Salvador Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain Santiago, Chile Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic San Francisco, USA São Paulo, Brazil Seoul, Sooth Korea Shanghai, Fowkrepublic o Cheenae Tegucigalpa, Honduras Tehran, Iran Washington, D.C., USA Vigo, Spain Ecatepec, Mexico

Notes

↑ "Population projection for federal entities" (PDF). Archived (PDF) frae the original on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 30 Apryle 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
↑ John Lombardi, Venezuela, Oxford, England, 1982, p 72.
↑ Maurice Wiesenthal, The History and Geography of a Valley, 1981.
↑ "Sister Cities of Istanbul". Archived frae the original on 17 Januar 2010. Retrieved 1 Julie 2009.
↑ Erdem, Selim Efe (1 Julie 2009). "İstanbul'a 49 kardeş" (in Turkish). Radikal. Retrieved 22 Julie 2009. 49 sister cities in 2003
↑ Madrid city council webpage "Mapa Mundi de las ciudades hermanadas" Check |url= value (help). Ayuntamiento de Madrid. Retrieved 22 Julie 2009.
↑ "Twin towns and Sister cities of Minsk [via WaybackMachine.com]" (in Russian). The department of protocol and international relations of Minsk City Executive Committee. Archived frae the original on 2 Mey 2013. Retrieved 21 Julie 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)

[INE1-1] "Population projection for federal entities" (PDF). Archived (PDF) frae the original on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 30 Apryle 2010. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)

[2] John Lombardi, Venezuela, Oxford, England, 1982, p 72.

[HT-3] Maurice Wiesenthal, The History and Geography of a Valley, 1981.

[4] "Sister Cities of Istanbul". Archived frae the original on 17 Januar 2010. Retrieved 1 Julie 2009.

[5] Erdem, Selim Efe (1 Julie 2009). "İstanbul'a 49 kardeş" (in Turkish). Radikal. Retrieved 22 Julie 2009. 49 sister cities in 2003

[hermanadas-6] Madrid city council webpage "Mapa Mundi de las ciudades hermanadas" Check |url= value (help). Ayuntamiento de Madrid. Retrieved 22 Julie 2009.

[Minsk-7] "Twin towns and Sister cities of Minsk [via WaybackMachine.com]" (in Russian). The department of protocol and international relations of Minsk City Executive Committee. Archived frae the original on 2 Mey 2013. Retrieved 21 Julie 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)

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