Roushie

For ither uises, see Roushie (disambiguation).

Roushie (/ˈruʃi/ or /ˈruʃe/; Roushie: Россия, tr. rossiya; ipa: [rɐˈsʲijə]), offeecially kent as the Roushian Federation (Roushie: Российская Федерация, tr. rossiyskaya federatsiya; ipa: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈratsɨjə]) is a kintra on the Asie an Europe continent. It is bund bi twa oceans (the Airctic an Paceefic), an, frae northwast tae sootheast, bi the kintras Norawa, Finland, Estonie, Latvie, Lithuanie, Poland, (baith throu the Kaliningrad oblast) Belaroushie, Ukraine, Georgie, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Cheenae, Mongolie an North Korea. Its caipital is Moscow, an its current Preses is Vladimir Putin. It haes sea borders wi Japan bi the brine o Okhotsk, an the U.S. State o Alaska athwart the Bering Strait. at 17,075,400 square kilometre (6,592,800 sq mi), Roushie is the mucklemaist kintra in the warld, coverin mair nor ane-echth ay the earth's inhabited lain aurie. Roushie is the warld's nint maist populoos naition wi 143 million fowk as ay 2012. Stendin athwart the hale ay northren asia, Roushie spans nine time zones an incorporates a wide range ay environments an landforms. Roushie haes the warld's lairgest reserves ay mineral an' energy resoorces an' is the lairgest producer ay ile an' naitural gas globally. Roushie haes the warld's lairgest wid reserves an' its lochs conteen thareby ane-quarter o the warld's liquid caller watter.

Roushie Federation Российская Федерация  (Roushie) Rossiyskaya Federatsiya
Banner Coat o airms
Anthem:  "Государственный гимн Российской Федерации" "Gosudarstvenny gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii"  (transleeteration) "State Anthem o the Roushie Federation"
Location o Roushie (green) Roushie-admeenistered Crimea (disputit; licht green)a
Caipital	Moscow 55°45′N 37°37′E
Lairgest ceety	Moscow (capital)
Offeecial leids	Roushie
Ethnic groups (2010)	81.0% Roushie 3.7% Tatar 1.4% Ukrainian 1.1% Bashkir 1.0% Chuvash 0.8% Chechen 11.0% others / unspecified
Releegion	See Releegion in Roushie
Demonym(s)	Roushie
Govrenment	Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic
• Preses	Vladimir Putin
• Prime Meenister	Mikhail Mishustin
• Chairman o the Federation Cooncil	Valentina Matviyenko
• Chairman o the State Duma	Vyacheslav Volodin
Legislatur	Federal Assembly
• Upper house	Federation Cooncil
• Lower house	State Duma
Formation
• Arrival o Rurik	862
• Kievan Rus'	882
• Grand Duchy	1283
• Tsardom	Januar 16, 1547
• Empire	October 22, 1721
• Republic	September 14, 1917
• Roushie SFSR	November 6, 1917
• Soviet Union	December 30, 1922
• Sovereignty Declaration	Juin 12, 1990
• Roushie Federation	December 25, 1991b
Aurie
• Total	17,075,200 km2 (6,592,800 sq mi) (1st)
• Water (%)	13 (including swamps)
Population
• 2017 estimate	144,554,993 (withoot Crimea) (9t)
• Density	8.4/km2 (21.8/sq mi) (217t)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$3.9 trillion (6t)
• Per capita	$25,185 (53rd)
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Tot	$1.4 trillion (12t)
• Per capita	$8,664.055 (72nt)
Gini (2013)	40.1 medium · 83rd
HDI (2015)	0.804 verra heich · 50t
Currency	Roushie ruble (₽) (RUB)
Time zone	UTC+2 to +12
Date format	dd.mm.yyyy
Drivin side	right
Cawin code	+7
ISO 3166 code	RU
Internet TLD	.ru .su .рф
Wabsteid government.ru/en
The Crimean Peninsula is recognised as territory o Ukraine bi a majority o UN member nations, but is de facto admeenistered bi Roushie. The Belavezha Accords wis signed in Brest, Belaroushie on December 8, creatin the Commonweel o Independent States in which the Supreme Soviet o the Roushie SFSR ratified the accords on December 12, denooncin the 1922 treaty. On December 25, Roushie SFSR wis renamed the Roushie Federation an the follaein the day on December 26, the Supreme Soviet o the Soviet Union ratified the accords, effectively dissolvin the Soviet Union.

Th' naition's history began wi' 'at ay th' eest slavs, fa emerged as a recognizable crew in europe atween th' 3rd an' 8t centuries ad. Foondit an' ruled bi a varangian warriur elite an' thair descendants, th' medieval state ay rus arose in th' 9t century. in 988 it adoptit orthodox christianity frae th' byzantine empire, beginnin' th' synthesis ay byzantine an' slavic culturs 'at defined Roushie cultur fur th' neist millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated intae a feck ay smaer states; maist ay th' rus' lands waur overrin bi th' mongol invasion an' becam tributaries ay th' nomadic Gowden Horde. Th' grain duchy ay moscaw gradually reunified th' surroondin' Roushie principalities, achieved unthirldom frae th' Gowden Horde, an' cam tae dominate th' cultural an' poleetical legacy ay Kievan Rus'. Bi th' 18t hunneryear, th' naition hud greatly expanded ben conquest, annexation, an' exploration tae acome th' Roushie empire, that wis th' third lairgest empire in history, stretchin' frae Polain in Europe tae Alaska in North Americae.

Follaein' th' Roushie revolution, th' Roushie Soviet federatife socialist republic becam th' lairgest an' leadin' constituent ay th' Soviet Union, th' warld's first constitutionally socialist state an' a recognised superpower, whilk played a decisife role in th' allied victory in warld war ii. th' Soviet era saw some o th' maist significant technological achievements o th' 20t century, includin' th' warld's first human spaceflecht. th' Roushie Federation becam th' successur state o th' Roushie sfsr followin' th' dissolution o th' Soviet Union in 1991, an' is recognised as th' continuin' legal personality o th' aw-union state.

Th' Roushie economy is th' warld's nint lairgest bi nominal gdp an' saxt lairgest bi purchasin' power parity, wi' th' 3rd lairgest nominal military budgit. Roushie is ane o th' warld's fastest growin' majur economies. It is ane o th' fife recognised nuclear wappens states an' possesses th' lairgest stockpile o wappens o mass destruction. Roushie is a stoatin pouer an' a permanent member o th' Unitit Nations security cooncil, a member o th' G8, G20, th' Cooncil o Europe, th' Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, th' Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, th' Eurasian Economic Community, th' Organisation fur Security an' Cooperation in Europe (osce), th' Warld Tred Organisation (wto), an' is th' leadin' member o th' commonwealth o independent states

History

The airts aboot Moscow becam pairt o tha Kievan Rus Empire in the 800's AD. The Ceety-states o Vladimir-Suzdal an Novgorod becam independent whan Kievan Rus gat waiker. Vladimir Suzdal is conseedert the stairt o Roushae. Bi 1300, Kievan Rus wis waik, an the Mongols syne invadit. Roushae wad be ruled bi the Mongols for ower 200 year. In this time, Moscow, that haed stairtit oot as a wee veelage in Vladimir-Suzdal, becam the maist pouerfu o the Roushae Ceety-States. Ivan the Great o Moscow unitit the smaa Roushae Ceety-States, an bi 1471, Novgorod the maist pouerfu o the Roushae ceety-States wis annext in Moscow. Moscow wis aye still a puppet o the Mongol's Gowden Horde, tho thay becam independet bi 1480. The Gowden Horde sindert intae the Crimean Khanate, Kazan Khanate, Astrakhan Khanate, an Siberie Khanate.

Ivan the Terrible conquered the Kazan Khanate, an the Astrakhan Khanate bi 1550, haily endin Mongol rule in the hail o Roushae. In 1580, Yermak Timofeyevich gaed tae the Siberie Khanate wi 1636 men for tae tak owerins o't. He got close, but drount in the Irtysh River in 1584. Houaniver, Mair Roushae sodgers gaed tae Siberia an it wis owerhailt bi 1600. The Cossacks cam ower Loch Baikal bi 1610.

Frae 1598 til 1610 wis the time o tribbles for Roushae, an Poland invadit an capturt Moscow in 1607. The Poles wis beaten oot o Moscow, but thay still wun some laund. Roushae conteenad tae rax intae Siberia, an foondit the fort o Yakutsk in 1637, an 2 year efter raxed tae the Sea o Okhotsk. Roushae syne gaed on tae owerhail Chukotka an Kamchatka. Thay ettled tae grip owerins ower Cheenae laund, but failt, an haed tae gree no tae attack Cheenae in 1689.

• 
  Ivan the Terrible
• 
  Peter the Great

In the 1720's, Peter the Great makkit Roushae a pouerfu kintra, an haed owerins ower Swadish laund. He biggit a new cceety, cried Saunt Petersburg. It wis the caipital o Roushae frae 1712 til 1918. Roushae annext the Crmian Khanate in the 1780's. It wis the last o the Mongol Khanates tae be annext bi Roushae. Georgie, Ukraine an Kazakhstan becam pairt o Roushae an aw, an Poland wiz conquered bi an alliance o Roushae, Proushie, an Austrick bi 1800. In 1808, Finland wis owerhailt bi the Roushie.

Napoleon invadit in 1810, an won til Moscow. He wis suin defeatit bi the Roushie, tho. Roushie wis syne a pouerfu kintra, an conquered Turkestan. Thay taen some laund frae Cheenae in 1858, an foundit the ceeties o Khabarovsk an Vladivostok. In 1900, Roushae tak ower the hail o Manchurie for a whilie, but wis defeatit bi Japan in 1905. Roushie wis becomin waik.

Whan the World War I happent, Rousshie wis invadit bi Germany. The Roushie Govrenment wis malafoustert in 1917, an a Ceevil War brak oot, tho thay war at peace wi Germany nou. In 1922, Vladimir Lenin unitit the kintra, e'en tho ither kintra ettelt tae hinder him. He wis the first Communist leader. Bi the time he dee'd, in 1924 Roushie wis rebiggit frae the wars. It wis renamed the Soviet Union. Efter Lennin, Josef Stalin wis leader till 1953. He makkit the economy strang wi "5 year plans", an bi 1939, it wis a strang kintra. He wis allee'd tae Germany, first, but Germany invadit in 1941. The Soviet Union tint aw the land aboot Moscow. The Germans failt tae owerhail Moscow, an ettelt tae attack Stalingrad. Thay faild thare an aw, an wis defeatit bi the Soviet Union in 1945. Stalin rebiggit the kintra bi his daith in 1953. Nikita Khrushchev becam leader, but unlik Stalin he wantit peacefu coexistenc wi the Wast. The Soviet Union conteenad tae growe. In 1965 He wis follaed bi Leonid Brezhnev. The Soviet Union wis the strangest naition in the warld bi thon time, Whan he dee'd in 1982, the kintra wis gettin waik. Efter Yuri Andropov (1982-1984) an Konstantin Chernenko (1984-1985) cam Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991). Mikhail Gorbachev wis the hintmaist Soviet leader.

Roushie wis the lairgest o the fifteen republics that made up the Soviet Union, accoontin for ower 60% o the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) an ower 50% o the Soviet population. Roushies dominatit the Soviet military an the Communist Pairty (CPSU) an aw. Syne, Roushie wis widely acceptit as the Soviet Union's successor state in diplomatic affairs an it assumit the USSR's permanent membership an veto in the UN Security Cooncil.