Template:Infobox magnesium

Magnesium, 12Mg
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt
Magnesium
Pronunciation/mæɡˈnziəm/ (mag-NEE-zee-əm)
Appearanceshiny gray solit
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Mg)[24.30424.307] conventional: 24.305
Magnesium in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium
Be

Mg

Ca
sodiummagnesiumalumeenium
Atomic nummer (Z)12
Groupgroup 2 (alkaline yird metals)
Periodperiod 3
Blocks-block
Element category  Alkaline yird metal
Electron confeeguration[Ne] 3s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 2
Pheesical properties
Phase at STPsolit
Meltin pynt923 K ​(650 °C, ​1202 °F)
Bylin pynt1363 K ​(1091 °C, ​1994 °F)
Density (near r.t.)1.738 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)1.584 g/cm3
Heat o fusion8.48 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation128 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity24.869 J/(mol·K)
Vapour pressur
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 701 773 861 971 1132 1361
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+1,[1] +2 strangly basic
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.31
Ionisation energies
  • 1st: 737.7 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1450.7 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 7732.7 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 160 pm
Covalent radius141±7 pm
Van der Waals radius173 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range
Colour lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines o magnesium
Ither properties
Naitural occurrenceprimordial
Creestal structurhexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed creestal structur for magnesium
Speed o soond thin rod4940 m/s (at r.t.) (annealed)
Thermal expansion24.8 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity156 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity43.9 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderinparamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility+13.1·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[2]
Young's modulus45 GPa
Shear modulus17 GPa
Bulk modulus35.4[3] GPa
Poisson ratio0.290
Mohs haurdness1–2.5
Brinell haurdness44–260 MPa
CAS Nummer7439-95-4
History
Naminafter Magnesia, Greece
DiskiveryJoseph Black (1755)
First isolationHumphry Davy (1808)
Main isotopes o magnesium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
24Mg 79.0% stable
25Mg 10.0% stable
26Mg 11.0% stable
| references
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 650
K 923 923 0
F 1202 1202 0
WD 649 Celsius Edit this at Wikidata [6]
input C: 650, K: 923, F: 1202
comment
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 1091
K 1363 1364 -1 delta
F 1994 1996 -2 delta
WD 1100 Celsius Edit this at Wikidata [6]
input C: 1091, K: 1363, F: 1994
comment
Magnesium
Na ←
iso
12
Mg E
→ Al
v · e

References

  1. Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H. & Brault, J. W. (1985). "The spectrum of magnesium hydride" (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620.
  2. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  3. K. A. Gschneider, Solid State Phys. 16, 308 (1964)
  4. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  5. Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H. & Brault, J. W. (1985). "The spectrum of magnesium hydride" (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620.
  6. a b "MAGNESIUM (POWDER)"; date retrieved: 13 Juin 2019.