Tunisie
Tunisie, offeecially the Tunisian Republic (الجمهورية التونسية al-Jumhūriyya at-Tūnisiyya), is the northrenmaist kintra in Africae. It is an Arab kintra an is bordered bi Algerie tae the wast, Libie tae the sootheast, an the Mediterranean Sea tae the north an east. Its aurie is amaist 165,000 km², wi an estimatit population o juist ower 10.3 million. Its name is derived frae the caipital Tunis locatit in the north-east.
Location o Tunisie (dark blue) – in Africa (light blue & dark grey) | |
Caipital and largest city | Tunis 36°50′N 10°9′E / 36.833°N 10.150°E |
Offeecial leids | Arabic[2] |
Spoken leids | Inglis (commercial an edidcational) |
Ethnic groups | |
Releegion | Islam |
Demonym(s) | Tunisie |
Govrenment | Unitar semi-presidential republic[9][10] |
• Preses | Kais Saied (قيس سعيد) |
Kamel Madouri (كمال المدوري) | |
Legislatur | Assembly o the Representatives o the Fowk |
Formation | |
• Husainid Dynasty inauguratit | 15 Julie 1705 |
• Independence frae Fraunce | 20 Mairch 1956 |
25 Julie 1957 | |
14 Januar 2011 | |
Aurie | |
• Total | 163,610 km2 (63,170 sq mi) (93rd) |
• Water (%) | 5.0 |
Population | |
• 2014 estimate | 10,982,754[11] (79t) |
• Density | 63/km2 (163.2/sq mi) (133rd) |
GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate |
• Total | $130.831 billion[12] |
• Per capita | $11,656[12] |
GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate |
• Tot | $42.388 billion[12] |
• Per capita | $3,776[12] |
Gini (2010) | 36.1[13] medium |
HDI (2016) | 0.725[14] heich · 97th |
Currency | Tunisie dinar (TND) |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
Drivin side | richt |
Cawin code | +216 |
ISO 3166 code | TN |
Internet TLD |
Name
eeditThe wird Tunisie is derived frae Tunis; a ceety an caipital o modren-day Tunisie. The present form o the name, wi its Latinate suffix -ia, evolved frae French Tunisie. This name wis introduced bi French geographers an historians as pairt o thair efforts tae gie names tae thair new occupied territories an protectorates. The French derivative Tunisie wis adoptit in some European leids wi slicht modifications, introducin a distinctive name tae designate the kintra. Ither leids remained untouched, sic as the Spaingie Túnez. In this case, the same name is uised for baith kintra an ceety as in Arabic: تونس an ae bi context can ane tell the difference.[16]
The name Tunis can be attributit tae different oreegins. It can be associatit wi the Phoenician goddess Tanith (aka Tunit), auncient ceety o Tynes or tae the Berber ruit ens which means "tae lie doun".
Govrenorates an ceeties
eeditGovrenorates
eeditTunisia is subdividit intae 24 govrenorates, thay are:
The govrenorates are dividit intae 264 "delegations" or "destricts" (mutamadiyat), an further subdividit intae municipalities (shaykhats)[17] an sectors (imadats).[18]
Major ceeties
eedit:See an aa:Leet o ceeties in Tunisie
Nr. | Ceety | Population | Governatorate |
---|---|---|---|
1
|
Tunis | 983,861 [19]
|
Tunis |
2
|
Sfax | 855,256
[20]
|
Sfax |
3
|
Kairouan | 546,209
[21]
|
Kairouan |
4
|
Sousse | 544,413
[22]
|
Sousse |
5
|
Ettadhamen [23] | 422,246
[24]
|
Ariana |
6
|
Gabès | 342,630
|
Gabès |
7
|
Bizerte | 114,371
|
Bizerte |
8
|
Aryanah [23] | 97,687
|
Ariana |
9
|
Gafsa | 84,676
|
Gafsa |
10
|
El Mourouj [23] | 81,986
|
Ben Arous |
Affiliations
eeditTunisie is a member o the follaein organisations:
Organization | Dates |
Unitit Naitions | syne 12 November 1956 |
Arab League | syne 1958 |
Organization o the Islamic Conference | syne 1969 |
Warld Tred Organisation | syne 29 Mairch 1995 |
Mediterranean Dialogue group | syne Februar 1995 |
Notes
eedit- ↑ "Tunisia Constitution, Article 4" (PDF). 26 Januar 2014. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 9 Februar 2014. Retrieved 10 Februar 2014.
- ↑ "Tunisian Constitution, Article 1" (PDF). 26 Januar 2014. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 9 Februar 2014. Retrieved 10 Februar 2014. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=
ignored (help) Archived 2014-02-09 at the Wayback Machine Translation by the University of Bern: "Tunisia is a free State, independent and sovereign; its religion is the Islam, its language is Arabic, and its form is the Republic." - ↑ Arabic, Tunisian Spoken. Ethnologue (19 February 1999). Retrieved on 5 September 2015.
- ↑ "Tamazight language". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived frae the original on 4 Januar 2021. Retrieved 21 Apryle 2017.
- ↑ "Nawaat – Interview avec l' Association Tunisienne de Culture Amazighe". Nawaat.
- ↑ "An outline of the Shilha (Berber) vernacular of Douiret (Southern Tunisia)".
- ↑ "Tunisian Amazigh and the Fight for Recognition – Tunisialive". Tunisialive. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 21 Apryle 2017.
- ↑ a b c "Tunisia". CIA World Factbook. Archived frae the original on 16 October 2012. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
- ↑ Frosini, Justin; Biagi, Francesco (2014). Political and Constitutional Transitions in North Africa: Actors and Factors. Routledge. p. 4. ISBN 9781317597452.
- ↑ Choudhry, Sujit; Stacey, Richard (2014) "Semi-presidential government in Tunisia and Egypt" Archived 2016-02-02 at the Wayback Machine. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
- ↑ "National Institute of Statistics-Tunisia". National Institute of Statistics-Tunisia. 12 September 2014. Archived frae the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- ↑ a b c d "Tunisia". International Monetary Fund.
- ↑ "GINI index". World Bank. Retrieved 19 Januar 2013.
- ↑ "2016 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2016. Retrieved 04 April 2016. Check date values in:
|accessdate=
(help) - ↑ "Report on the Delegation of تونس". Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. 2010. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
- ↑ Room, Adrian (2006). Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites. McFarland. p. 385. ISBN 0-7864-2248-3.
- ↑ "Tunisia Governorates". Statoids.com. Retrieved 2 Mey 2010.
- ↑ Portail de l'industrie Tunisienne Archived 2013-01-06 at the Wayback Machine, in French
- ↑ 3,980,500 in the metropolitan aurie
- ↑ "Mongabay.com, population of Sfax". Archived frae the original on 28 Januar 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
- ↑ "Mongabay.com, population of Kairouan". Archived frae the original on 28 Januar 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
- ↑ "Mongabay.com, population of Sousse". Archived frae the original on 3 Januar 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
- ↑ a b c Part of Tunis metropolitan area
- ↑ "FITA, population of At Tadaman". Archived frae the original on 26 December 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
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