States o Brazil

The Federative Republic o Brazil is a union o twinty-seiven Federative Units (Portuguese: Unidades Federativas (UF)): twinty-sax states (estados; singular estado) an ane federal destrict (Distrito Federal), whare is locatit the federal caipital, Brasília. The states are generally based on historical, conventional borders which hae developit ower time. The federal destrict is no a state in its awn right, but shares some characteristics o a state an some o a municipality. The Federal Destrict is bordered bi the states o Goiás an Minas Gerais. The codes gien belaw are defined in ISO 3166-2:BR.

History

The first admeenistrative diveesions o Brazil wur the hereditary caiptaincies (capitanias hereditárias), stretches o laund leased tae Portuguese noblemen or merchants wi a chairter tae colonize the laund. The caiptaincies wur tae be passed frae faither tae son, but the croun retained the pouer o revokin it, which the king indeed did in the 16t century. Then the vast Portuguese dominion in Sooth Americae wis dividit atween the State o Brazil, in the soothren hauf, an the State o Maranhão, in the northren hauf (note that Maranhão bi then referred no anerlie tae current Maranhão, but rather tae the whole o the Amazon region; the name marã-nã in auld Tupi leid means "wide river", i.e. the Amazon River).

Efter the Iberie Union (1580–1640), the territory o Portuguese colonial domains in Sooth Americae wis mair nor doubled, an the laund wis dividit intae caiptaincies, ryal caiptaincies an provinces. Unlik Spaingie Americae, the whole territory wis unitit unner a single viceroy, wi a seat in Salvador (an efter 1763, Rio de Janeiro). This situation contributit later tae keepin Brazil as a unifeed naition-state an avoidin the fragmentation o the Spaingie domains.

Wi unthirldom, in 1822, the colony became an empire an aw caiptaincies wur turned intae provinces. Maist internal borders wur kept unchyngit frae the colonial period, generally follaein naitural featurs sic as rivers an muntain ridges. Minor chynges wur made tae suit domestic politics (sic as the Triângulo Mineiro frae Goiás tae Minas Gerais, the splittin o Paraná an the left bank o the São Francisco River frae Pernambuco tae Bahia), as well as additions resultin frae diplomatic dounset o territorial disputes bi the end o the 19t century (Amapá, Roraima, Palmas). Whan Brazil became a republic in 1889, aw provinces wur immediately turned intae states.

In 1943, wi the entrance o Brazil intae the Seicont Warld War, the Vargas regime detached seiven strategic territories frae the mairch o the kintra in order tae admeenister them directly: Amapá, Rio Branco, Acre, Guaporé, Ponta Porã, Iguaçu an the airchipelago o Fernando de Noronha. Efter the war, the first three territories became states, wi Rio Branco an Guaporé bein renamit Roraima an Rondônia, respectively, whilst Ponta Porã an Iguaçu remained as territories. In 1988, Fernando de Noronha became pairt o Pernambuco.

In 1960, the square-shapit Distrito Federal wis carvit oot o Goiás in preparation for the new caipital, Brasília. The previous federal destrict became the state o Guanabara till in 1975 it wis mergit wi the state o Rio de Janeiro, retainin its name an wi the municipality o Rio de Janeiro as its caipital.

In 1977, Mato Grosso wis split intae twa states. The northren aurie retained the name Mato Grosso while the soothren aurie became the state o Mato Grosso do Sul, wi Campo Grande as its caipital. The new Mato Grosso do Sul incorporatit the territory o Ponta Porã an the northren pairt o Iguaçu. Central Iguaçu went tae Paraná, an soothren Iguaçu went tae Santa Catarina.

In 1988, the northren portion o Goiás became the state o Tocantins, wi Palmas as its caipital.

1534
Capitanias hereditárias
1573
Twa states
1709
São Paulo at its greatest extent
1789
Inconfidência Mineira
1822
Imperial provinces
1889
At the stairt o Republic
1943
Border territories
1990
Current

Proposed diveesion o Pará

On 11 December 2011, a plebiscite wis held in the state o Pará tae consult the population aboot the possibility o splittin the state o Pará intae three different states (Pará, Tapajós an Carajás). Baith Tapajós an Carajás wur rejectit bi the population.

Leet o Brazilian states

Federative unit	Abbreviation	Caipital	Aurie (km²)	Aurie (sq mi)	Population (2017)	Density (per km², 2017)	Density (per sq mi, 2017)	GDP (billion R$ an % tot, 2012)	GDP per capita (R$, 2012)	HDI (2014)	Leeteracy (2014)	Infant mortality (2014)	Life expectancy (years, 2014)
Acre	AC	Rio Branco	7005152581400000000♠152,581.4	7004589120000000000♠58,912	7005829619000000000♠829,619	7000544000000000000♠5.44	7001140000000000000♠14	7000962900000000000♠9.629 (6999200000000000000♠0.2%)	7004126900000000000♠12,690	6999719000000000000♠0.719	94%	7000160000000000000♠1.6%	7001754000000000000♠75.4
Alagoas	AL	Maceió	7004277677000000000♠27,767.7	7004107210000000000♠10,721	7006337582300000000♠3,375,823	7002121570000000000♠121.57	7002315000000000000♠315	7001295450000000000♠29.545 (6999700000000000000♠0.7%)	7003933300000000000♠9,333	6999667000000000000♠0.667	90%	7000170000000000000♠1.7%	7001735000000000000♠73.5
Amapá	AP	Macapá	7005142814600000000♠142,814.6	7004551510000000000♠55,151	7005797722000000000♠797,722	7000559000000000000♠5.59	7001140000000000000♠14	7001104200000000000♠10.420 (6999200000000000000♠0.2%)	7004149140000000000♠14,914	6999747000000000000♠0.747	99%	7000160000000000000♠1.6%	7001754000000000000♠75.4
Amazonas	AM	Manaus	7006157074570000000♠1,570,745.7	7005606470000000000♠606,470	7006406361400000000♠4,063,614	7000259000000000000♠2.59	7000700000000000000♠7	7001641200000000000♠64.120 (7000170000000000000♠1.7%)	7004178550000000000♠17,855	6999709000000000000♠0.709	96%	7000190000000000000♠1.9%	7001737000000000000♠73.7
Bahia	BA	Salvador	7005564692700000000♠564,692.7	7005218030000000000♠218,030	7007153444470000000♠15,344,447	7001271700000000000♠27.17	7001700000000000000♠70	7002167727000000000♠167.727 (7000380000000000000♠3.8%)	7004118320000000000♠11,832	6999703000000000000♠0.703	91%	7000200000000000000♠2.0%	7001743000000000000♠74.3
Ceará	CE	Fortaleza	7005148825600000000♠148,825.6	7004574620000000000♠57,462	7006902046000000000♠9,020,460	7001606100000000000♠60.61	7002157000000000000♠157	7001901320000000000♠90.132 (7000200000000000000♠2.0%)	7004104730000000000♠10,473	6999716000000000000♠0.716	93%	7000165000000000000♠1.65%	7001749000000000000♠74.9
Distrito Federal	DF	Brasília	7003582210000000000♠5,822.1	7003224990000000000♠2,249.9	7006303944400000000♠3,039,444	7002522040000099999♠522.05	7003135100000000000♠1,351	7002171236000000000♠171.236 (7000390000000000000♠3.9%)	7004646530000000000♠64,653	6999839000000000000♠0.839	98.8%	6999650000000000000♠0.65%	7001798000000000000♠79.8
Espírito Santo	ES	Vitória	7004460775000000000♠46,077.5	7004177910000000000♠17,791	7006401635600000000♠4,016,356	7001871700000000000♠87.17	7002226000000000000♠226	7002107328999900000♠107.329 (7000220000000000000♠2.2%)	7004299960000000000♠29,996	6999771000000000000♠0.771	99%	6999480000000000000♠0.48%	7001801009999900000♠80.1
Goiás	GO	Goiânia	7005340086700000000♠340,086.7	7005131310000000000♠131,310	7006677877200000000♠6,778,772	7001199300000000000♠19.93	7001520000000000000♠52	7002123926000000000♠123.926 (7000240000000000000♠2.4%)	7004201340000000000♠20,134	6999750000000000000♠0.750	97%	6999900000000000000♠0.9%	7001759000000000000♠75.9
Maranhão	MA	São Luís	7005331983300000000♠331,983.3	7005128180000000000♠128,180	7006700022900000000♠7,000,229	7001210900000000000♠21.09	7001550000000000000♠55	7001589200000000000♠58.920 (7000120000000000000♠1.2%)	7003876000000000000♠8,760	6999678000000000000♠0.678	90%	7000190000000000000♠1.9%	7001725000000000000♠72.5
Mato Grosso	MT	Cuiabá	7005903357900000000♠903,357.9	7005348790000000000♠348,790	7006334454400000000♠3,344,544	7000370000000000000♠3.70	7001100000000000000♠10	7001808300000000000♠80.830 (7000150000000000000♠1.5%)	7004259450000000000♠25,945	6999767000000000000♠0.767	94%	7000130000000000000♠1.3%	7001746009999900000♠74.6
Mato Grosso do Sul	MS	Campo Grande	7005357125000000000♠357,125.0	7005137890000000000♠137,890	7006271314700000000♠2,713,147	7000760000000000000♠7.60	7001200000000000000♠20	7001544710000099999♠54.471 (7000100000000000000♠1.0%)	7004217440000000000♠21,744	6999762000000000000♠0.762	97%	6999700000000000000♠0.7%	7001761009999900000♠76.1
Minas Gerais	MG	Belo Horizonte	7005586528300000000♠586,528.3	7005226460000000000♠226,460	7007211195360000000♠21,119,536	7001360100000000000♠36.01	7001930000000000000♠93	7002403551000000000♠403.551 (7000920000000099999♠9.2%)	7004203240000000000♠20,324	6999769000000000000♠0.769	98.6%	6999610000000000000♠0.61%	7001787000000000000♠78.7
Pará	PA	Belém	7006124768950000000♠1,247,689.5	7005481740000000000♠481,740	7006836662800000000♠8,366,628	7000671000000000000♠6.71	7001170000000000000♠17	7001910090000000000♠91.009 (7000190000000000000♠1.9%)	7004116780000000000♠11,678	6999675000000000000♠0.675	94%	7000160000000000000♠1.6%	7001742000000000000♠74.2
Paraíba	PB	João Pessoa	7004564398000000000♠56,439.8	7004217920000000000♠21,792	7006402555800000000♠4,025,558	7001713209999999999♠71.32	7002185000000000000♠185	7001387310000000000♠38.731 (6999800000000000000♠0.8%)	7004101510000000000♠10,151	6999701000000000000♠0.701	92%	7000170000000000000♠1.7%	7001741009999900000♠74.1
Paraná	PR	Curitiba	7005199314900000000♠199,314.9	7004769560000000000♠76,956	7007113208920000000♠11,320,892	7001568000000000000♠56.80	7002147000000000000♠147	7002255927000000000♠255.927 (7000580000000000000♠5.8%)	7004241940000000000♠24,194	6999790000000000000♠0.790	98%	6999700000000000000♠0.7%	7001778000000000000♠77.8
Pernambuco	PE	Recife	7004983116000000000♠98,311.6	7004379580000000000♠37,958	7006947326600000000♠9,473,266	7001963600000000000♠96.36	7002250000000000000♠250	7002117340000000000♠117.340 (7000230000000099999♠2.3%)	7004131380000000000♠13,138	6999709000000000000♠0.709	92%	7000190000000000000♠1.9%	7001748000000000000♠74.8
Piauí	PI	Teresina	7005251529200000000♠251,529.2	7004977260000000000♠97,726	7006321925700000000♠3,219,257	7001128000000000000♠12.80	7001330000000000000♠33	7001257210000000000♠25.721 (6999500000000000000♠0.5%)	7003813700000000000♠8,137	6999675000000000000♠0.675	90%	7000180000000000000♠1.8%	7001727000000000000♠72.7
Rio de Janeiro	RJ	Rio de Janeiro	7004436961000000000♠43,696.1	7004168710000000000♠16,871	7007167189560000000♠16,718,956	7002382620000000000♠382.62	7002991000000000000♠991	7002504221000000000♠504.221 (7001115000000000000♠11.5%)	7004310640000000000♠31,064	6999778000000000000♠0.778	99%	7000130000000000000♠1.3%	7001771009999900000♠77.1
Rio Grande do Norte	RN	Natal	7004527968000000000♠52,796.8	7004203850000000000♠20,385	7006350700300000000♠3,507,003	7001664200000000000♠66.42	7002172000000000000♠172	7001395449999900000♠39.544 (6999900000000000000♠0.9%)	7004122490000000000♠12,249	6999717000000000000♠0.717	95.1%	7000137990000099999♠1.38%	7001767000000000000♠76.7
Rio Grande do Sul	RS	Porto Alegre	7005281748500000000♠281,748.5	7005108780000000000♠108,780	7007113228950000000♠11,322,895	7001401900000000000♠40.19	7002104000000000000♠104	7002277658000000000♠277.658 (7000630000000000000♠6.3%)	7004257790000000000♠25,779	6999779000000000000♠0.779	99%	6999400000000000000♠0.4%	7001793000000000000♠79.3
Rondônia	RO	Porto Velho	7005237576200000000♠237,576.2	7004917290000000000♠91,729	7006180578800000000♠1,805,788	7000760000000000000♠7.60	7001200000000000000♠20	7001293620000000000♠29.362 (6999600000000000000♠0.6%)	7004130750000000000♠13,075	6999715000000000000♠0.715	94.6%	7000185000000000000♠1.85%	7001737000000000000♠73.7
Roraima	RR	Boa Vista	7005224299000000000♠224,299.0	7004866020000000000♠86,602	7005522636000000000♠522,636	7000233000000000000♠2.33	7000600000000000000♠6	7000731400000000000♠7.314 (6999200000000000000♠0.2%)	7004155570000000000♠15,557	6999732000000000000♠0.732	94.5%	7000151000000000000♠1.51%	7001735000000000000♠73.5
Santa Catarina	SC	Florianópolis	7004953462000000000♠95,346.2	7004368130000000000♠36,813	7006700116100000000♠7,001,161	7001734300000000000♠73.43	7002190000000000000♠190	7002177276000000000♠177.276 (7000400000000000000♠4.0%)	7004277710000000000♠27,771	6999813009999900000♠0.813	99%	6999300000000000000♠0.30%	7001810000000000000♠81
São Paulo	SP	São Paulo	7005248209400000000♠248,209.4	7004958340000000000♠95,834	7007450948660000000♠45,094,866	7002181680000000000♠181.68	7002471000000000000♠471	7003140890400000000♠1,408.904 (7001321000000000000♠32.1%)	7004336240000000000♠33,624	6999819009999900000♠0.819	99%	6999450000000000000♠0.45%	7001798000000000000♠79.8
Sergipe	SE	Aracaju	7004219103000000000♠21,910.3	7003845960000000000♠8,459.6	7006228811600000000♠2,288,116	7002104430000000000♠104.43	7002270000000000000♠270	7001278230000000000♠27.823 (6999600000000000000♠0.6%)	7004131800000000000♠13,180	6999681000000000000♠0.681	93%	7000180000000000000♠1.8%	7001730000000000000♠73.0
Tocantins	TO	Palmas	7005277620900000000♠277,620.9	7005107190000000000♠107,190	7006155019400000000♠1,550,194	7000558000000000000♠5.58	7001140000000000000♠14	7001195300000000000♠19.530 (6999400000000000000♠0.4%)	7004137750000000000♠13,775	6999732000000000000♠0.732	94%	7000170000000000000♠1.7%	7001745000000000000♠74.5

See an aw

Freemit airtins

Economic statistical data for Brazil's 26 states an federal destrict (in Inglis, Portuguese, an Spainyie)