Baotou

Baotou (Mongolie: Buɣutu, Mongolie Cyrillic: Бугат; Cheenese: 包头) is a mid-sized industrial ceety in the Inner Mongolie Autonomous Region o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. Govrened as a prefectur-level ceety, its urban auries are home tae a population o approximately 1.78 million, wi a tot population o ower 2.65 million accoontin for coonties unner its jurisdiction. The ceety's Mongolie name means "place wi deer", an an alternate name is "Lucheng" (鹿城; Lùchéng), meanin "Deer Ceety".

Baotou 包头 Bugthot
Prefectur-level ceety
包头市
Deer Monument in Baotou
Baotou (reid) in Inner Mongolie (orange)
Baotou Location o the ceety centre in Inner Mongolie
Coordinates: 40°39′N 109°50′E
Kintra	Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
Region	Inner Mongolie
Coonty-level diveesions	10
Area
• Prefectur-level ceety	27768 km2 (10,721 sq mi)
• Urban	271 km2 (105 sq mi)
• Metro	2969 km2 (1,146 sq mi)
Elevation	1065 m (3,494 ft)
Population  (2010 census)
• Prefectur-level ceety	2,650,364
• Density	95/km2 (250/sq mi)
• Urban	1,720,099
• Urban density	6,300/km2 (16,000/sq mi)
• Metro	1,977,785
• Metro density	670/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
• Major naitionalities	Han Mongolian
Time zone	UTC+8 (Cheenae Staundart)
Postal code	014000
Area code(s)	472
License plate prefixes	蒙B
Local Dialect	Jin: Baotou dialect
Website	baotou.gov.cn

Baotou
Chinese name
Semplifeed Cheenese	包头
Tradeetional Cheenese	包頭
Transcriptions Staundart Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Bāotóu
Mongolian name
Mongolian Cyrillic	[ Buɣutu]

Admeenistrative diveesions

Baotou is dividit intae 10 coonty-level diveesions, includin 7 destricts,1 coonty an 2 banners.

Cairt	#	Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Mongolie	Population (2010 Census)	Aurie (km²)	Density (/km²)
	1	Hondlon Destrict	昆都仑区	Kūndūlún Qū	ᠬᠥᠠᠲᠠᠯᠠᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ	726,838	301	6,108
	2	Donghe Destrict	东河区	Dōnghé Qū	ᠲᠤᠢᠩ ᠡᡁᠸ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ	512,045	423	6,024
	3	Qingshan Destrict	青山区	Qīngshān Qū	ᠴᠢᠩᠱᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ	481,216	280	7,182
	4	Shiguai Destrict	石拐区	Shíguǎi Qū	ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ	35,805	761	57.8
	5	Bayan Obo Minin Destrict	白云鄂博矿区	Báiyún Èbó Kuàngqū	ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠨᠤᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠠᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ	26,050	303	86
	6	Jiuyuan Destrict	九原区	Jiǔyuán Qū	ᠶᠢᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ	195,831	734	110.3
	7	Binhe New Destrict	滨河新区	Bīnhé Xīn Qū	ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᡁᠸ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠ	119,066	88	1353
	8	Guyang Coonty	固阳县	Gùyáng Xiàn	ᠬᠥᠶᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠠ	175,574	5,021	35
	9	Tumed Richt Banner	土默特右旗	Tǔmòtè Yòu Qí	ᠲᠤᠢᠮᠤᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ	276,453	2,368	116.7
	10	Darhan Muminggan Unitit Banner	达尔罕茂明安 联合旗	Dá'ěrhǎn Màomíng'ān Liánhé Qí	ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠠᠠᠠ ᠮᠤᠤᠮᠢᠬᠡᠭᠠᠠ ᠬᠤᠮᠪᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ	101,486	17,410	5.8

History

The aurie nou kent as Baotou wis inhabitit syne auncient times bi nomads, maist notably the Mongols. Near the end o the Han Dynasty, Lü Bu, a particularly noteworthy warrior, wis born here. Compared tae the caipital, Hohhot, Baotou's construction as a ceety came relatively late, bein incorporatit as a toun in 1809. The ceety's steid wis chosen acause it wis in an arable region o the Yellae River's Great Bend.

A railway frae Beijing wis constructit in 1931, an the ceety began spurrin some industrial steids. A German-Cheenese jynt-venture in 1934 constructit the Baotou Airport an opened a weekly route connectin Baotou wi Ningxia an Lanzhou.

When young Owen Lattimore visitit Baotou in 1925, it wis still "a little husk o a toun in a great hollow shell o mud ramparts, whaur twa busy streets made a traders' quarter", but already an important railhead. Qinghai an Gansu wuil an hides wur brocht doun the Huanghe bi raft an boat frae Lanzhou tae Baotou, an shipped frae Baotou bi rail tae the east (in particular, tae Tianjin for export). The river traffic wis ane-way anly, however, as the fast current made sailin up the Huanghe impractical. Tae travel frae Baotou back tae Lanzhou or Yinchuan, ane would uise a cart an camel road. Thare wur an aa caravan roads frae Baotou tae Ordos an the Alxa League.

On September 19, 1949, efter the September 19 Rebellion, Baotou fell unner Communist control. The Fowk's Govrenment wis fairmed in Februar 1950. In the early Communist years Baotou served as an industrial centre, wi a signeeficant portion o its economy comin frae its steel production, an it continues this reputation till this day.

Geografie an climate

Baotou is locatit in the wast o Inner Mongolie, locatit at the junction o twa economic zones: the Bohai Economic Rim an the Upper Yellae River Naitural Resoorces Enrichment Zone (黄河上游资源富集区). Its admeenistrative aurie borders Mongolie tae the north, while the Yellae River, which flows for 214 kilometre (133 mi) in the prefectur, is sooth o the urban aurie itself. The Tumochuan Plateau (土默川平原), Hetao Plateau, an Yin Muntains cross the urban aurie an central pairt o the prefectur. Baotou Ceety ranges in latitude frae 41° 20' tae 42° 40' N an in longitude frae 109° 50' tae 111° 25' E.

Baotou featurs a cauld semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), marked bi lang, cauld an very dry winters, het, somewhat humid simmers, an strang winds, especially in ware. Temperaturs eften fall alaw −15 °C (5 °F) in winter an rise abuin 30 °C (86 °F) in simmer. The annual precipitation is approximately 300 millimetre (11.8 in), wi mair nor hauf o it fawin in Julie an August alane. Due tae the aridity an elevation, temperatur differences atween day an nicht can be lairge, especially in ware. In 2002, thare wur 12 instances o dust stairms.

Climate data for Baotou (1971−2000)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average heich °C (°F)	−4.1 (24.6)	0.4 (32.7)	7.6 (45.7)	16.9 (62.4)	23.9 (75.0)	28.2 (82.8)	29.6 (85.3)	27.1 (80.8)	22.1 (71.8)	14.8 (58.6)	5.2 (41.4)	−2.3 (27.9)	14.1 (57.4)
Average law °C (°F)	−16.8 (1.8)	−12.7 (9.1)	−5.6 (21.9)	2.0 (35.6)	8.7 (47.7)	13.6 (56.5)	17.1 (62.8)	15.3 (59.5)	8.7 (47.7)	1.3 (34.3)	−7.2 (19.0)	−14.3 (6.3)	0.8 (33.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	2.1 (0.08)	3.8 (0.15)	8.3 (0.33)	8.1 (0.32)	17.3 (0.68)	28.0 (1.10)	81.3 (3.20)	87.7 (3.45)	38.7 (1.52)	17.1 (0.67)	3.8 (0.15)	1.4 (0.06)	297.6 (11.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	1.4	2.2	2.9	3.0	4.7	7.0	10.5	10.7	6.9	3.8	1.7	1.5	56.3
Source: Wather Cheenae

Economy

Industrial zones:

• Baotou Xingsheng Economic & Technological Development Zone

The mines in Bayan Obo are the greatest soorce o rare yird metals globally. In 2005, thay accoontit for 45% o the tot production on yird.

Demographics

Ethnic groups in Baotou, 2000 census.

Ethnicity	Population	Percentage
Han Cheenese	2.122.737	94.16%
Mongol	67.209	2.98%
Hui Cheenese	36.234	1.61%
Manchu	22.826	1.01%
Korean	848	0.04%

Transportation

• Baotou is a terminus for baith the Baolan Railway an the Jingbao Railway, headin for Lanzhou in the wast an Beijing in the east, respectively. The ceety is served bi twa main railway stations, Baotou East Railway Station, an Baotou Railway Station.
• Baotou Airport serves the ceety wi regular service tae Beijing, Shanghai an Taiyuan.
• The ceety is connectit bi the Hubao Expressway tae Inner Mongolie's caipital, Hohhot.
• Cheenae Naitional Highway 210

Freemit airtins

• Baotou offeecial wabsteid Archived 2015-09-20 at the Wayback Machine