Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen (/ˈsʊn ˈjɑːtˈsɛn/; 12 November 1866 – 12 Mairch 1925)[1][2] wis the foondin faither o the Republic o Cheenae. The first proveesional preses o the Republic o Cheenae, Sun wis a Cheenese physeecian, writer, filosofer, Georgist[3][4], calligrafer[5] an revolutionary. As the foremaist pioneer an first leader o a Republican Cheenae, Sun is referred tae as the "Faither o the Naition" in the Republic o Cheenae (ROC) an the "forerunner o democratic revolution" in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae (PRC). Sun played an instrumental role in the owerthraw o the Qing dynasty (the last imperial dynasty o Cheenae) in the years leadin up tae the Xinhai Revolution. He wis appyntit tae serve as Proveesional Preses o the Republic o Cheenae whan it wos foondit in 1912. He later co-foondit the Kuomintang (Naitionalist Pairty o Cheenae), servin as its first leader.[6] Sun wis a unitin feegur in post-Imperial Cheenae, an he remeens unique amang 20t-century Cheenese politeecians for bein widely revered amangst the fowk frae baith sides o the Taiwan Strait.
Sun Yat-Sen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Proveesional Preses o the Republic o Cheenae | |
| In office 1 Januar 1912 – 10 Mairch 1912 | |
| Vice Preses | Li Yuanhong |
| Precedit bi | Puyi (Emperor o Cheenae) |
| Succeedit bi | Yuan Shikai |
| Premier o the Kuomintang o Cheenae | |
| In office 10 October 1919 – 12 Mairch 1925 | |
| Precedit bi | Himsel (as Premier o Cheenese Revolutionary Pairty) |
| Succeedit bi | Zhang Renjie (as chairman) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 12 November 1866 Xiangshan Coonty, Guangdong, Qing Empire |
| Dee'd | 12 Mairch 1925 (aged 58) Beijing, Cheenae |
| Restin place | Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Nanjing, Jiangsu |
| Naitionality | Cheenese American (1904–1909) |
| Poleetical pairty | Kuomintang |
| Ither poleetical affiliations | Cheenese Revolutionary Pairty |
| Spoose(s) | Lu Muzhen (1885–1915) Kaoru Otsuki (1903–1906) Soong Ching-ling (1915–1925) |
| Domestic partner | Chen Cui-fen (1892-1925) |
| Bairns | Sun Fo Sun Yan Sun Wan Fumiko Miyagawa (b. 1906) |
| Alma mater | Hong Kong College o Medicine for Cheenese |
| Thrift | Pheesician Politeecian Revolutionary Writer |
| Religion | Congregationalist |
| Signatur |  |
Awtho Sun is conseedert tae be ane o the greatest leaders o modren Cheenae, his poleetical life wis ane o constant struggle an frequent exile. Efter the success o the revolution an the Han Cheenese regainin pouer efter 268 years o leevin unner Manchurian rule (Qing dynasty), he quickly resigned frae his post as Preses o the newly foondit Republic o Cheenae tae Yuan Shikai, an led successive revolutionary govrenments as a challenge tae the warlairds that controlled muckle o the naition. Sun did nae leeve tae see his pairty consolidate its pouer ower the kintra in the Northren Expedeetion. His pairty, that formed a fragile alliance wi the Cheenese Communist Pairty, split intae twa factions efter his daith.
Sun's chief legacy resides in his developin o the poleetical filosofie kent as the Three Principles o the Fowk: naitionalism (Han Cheenese naitionalism: unthirldom frae imperialist domination – takkin back pouer frae the Manchurian Qing dynasty), “richts o the fowk,” whiles translatit as “democracy,”[7] an the fowk's liveliheid (juist society).[8][9]
References
eedit- ↑ Singtao daily. Setturday edition. 23 October 2010. 特別策劃 section A18. Sun Yat-sen Xinhai revolution 100th anniversary edition 民國之父.
- ↑ "Chronology of Dr. Sun Yat-sen". National Dr. Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall. Archived frae the original on 16 Apryle 2014. Retrieved 12 Mairch 2014.
- ↑ Karl Williams, "Sun Yat-sen And Georgism" https://www.prosper.org.au/about/geoists-in-history/sun-yat-sen-and-georgism/
- ↑ Archived version: https://web.archive.org/web/20180423084916/https://www.prosper.org.au/about/geoists-in-history/sun-yat-sen-and-georgism/
- ↑ Tingyou Chen, Chinese Calligraphy, Cambridge University Press (2011), p. 113
- ↑ Derek Benjamin Heater. [1987] (1987). Our world this century. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-913324-6.
- ↑ "Three Principles of the People". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 15 Mey 2017.
- ↑ Trescott, Paul B. (2007). Jingji Xue: The History of the Introduction of Western Economic Ideas Into China, 1850–1950. Chinese University Press. pp. 46–48.
'The teachings of your single-taxer, Henry George, will be the basis of our program of reform.'
- ↑ Schoppa, Keith R. [2000] (2000). The Columbia guide to modern Chinese history. Columbia university press. ISBN 0-231-11276-9, ISBN 978-0-231-11276-5. p 282.