Homs
Homs or Hims (Arabic: حمص, Homs or Ḥims; previously Greek: Ἔμεσα, Emesa[2]) is a ceety in wastren Sirie an the caipital o the Homs Govrenorate. It is 501 metres (1,644 ft abuin sea level an is locatit 162 kilometres (101 mi) north o Damascus.[3] Locatit on the Orontes River, Homs is an aa the central link atween the interior ceeties an the Mediterranean coast.
Homs حمص Ḥimṣ | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Eik-name(s): The ceety o Ibn al-Walid | |
  Homs Location in Sirie | |
| Coordinates: 34°43′51″N 36°42′34″E / 34.73083°N 36.70944°E | |
| Kintra |  Sirie |
| Govrenorate | Homs Govrenorate |
| Destrict | Homs Destrict |
| Settled | 2000 BC |
| Govrenment | |
| • Govrenor | Ghassan Mustafa Abdul-Aal[1] |
| • Preses o Ceety Cooncil | Nadia Kseibi |
| Area | |
| • City | 48 km2 (19 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 76 km2 (29 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 104 km2 (40 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 501 m (1,644 ft) |
| Population (2008) | |
| • City | 823,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (EEST) |
| Area code(s) | 31 |
| Website | http://www.homscitycouncil.org.sy |
Homs did no emerge intae the licht o history till the 1st century BC at the time o Seleucids. It later became the caipital o a kinrick ruled bi the Emesani dynasty who gae the ceety its name. Oreeginally a pagan centre o worship for the Sun god El-Gabal, it later gained importance in Christianity unner the Byzantines. It wis conquered bi the Muslims in the 7t century an made caipital o a destrict that bore its current name. Throughoot the Islamic era, Muslim dynasties contendin for control o Sirie sought efter Homs due tae the ceety's strategic poseetion in the aurie. It began tae decline unner the Ottomans an anerlie in the 19t century did the ceety regain its economic importance when its cotton industry boomed.
The day, Homs is a major industrial centre in Sirie, an wi a population o 1,500,000, it is the third lairgest ceety in the kintra. Its population reflects Sirie's general releegious diversity, componed maistly o Arabic-speakin Sunni Muslims, wi a Christian minority. The ceety boasts a nummer o historic mosques an kirks an is near the Krak des Chevaliers, a Warld Heritage Steid.
Etymology
eedit"Emesa" is a compund o "Ham-Es", wi the Es representin an assemblage o the locally-revered sun god in (El-Gabal) in auncient times.[4] The name "Emesa" or "Hemesa" is an aa attributit tae "Emesenoi", the name o the Arab tribe that ruled the aurie afore its incorporation intae the Roman Empire.[5] When the name o the tribe became attached tae the ceety is indiscernible, but is generally thocht tae hae been uised unner the Romans.[6]
"Emesa" wis shorten tae "Homs" or "Hims" bi its Arab indwallers, mony o whom settled thare prior tae the Muslim conquest o Sirie.[6][7] This name haes been preserved throughoot the period o Islamic rule continuin tae the present day. It wis kent as "la Chamelle" bi the Crusaders, awtho thay niver ruled the ceety.[8][9] A seicont possibility aboot the oreegin o the ceety's modren name is that it is an Arabic form o the ceety's Laitin name "Emesus", derived frae the Greek "Emesa" or "Emesos".[10]
Sister ceeties
eedit
References
eedit- ↑ H. Zain/ H.Said / Al-Ibrahim (21 Apryle 2011). "President al-Assad Swears in Homs New Governor". Syrian Arab News Agency. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 21 Apryle 2011.
- ↑ Vailhé, Siméon (1909). "Emesa". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved 26 Februar 2009.
- ↑ "Distance Between Main Syrian Cities". HomsOnline. 16 Mey 2008. Retrieved 26 Februar 2009.
- ↑ Bryant, Jacob (1807). A New System; or, an Analysis of Antient Mythology. Volume I. W. Marchant.
- ↑ Ball, 2000, pp. 34–35.
- ↑ a b Dumper, 2007, p. 171.
- ↑ Gibbon and Ockley, 1870, p.177.
- ↑ Grousset, René. Histoire des Croisades III. p. 18.
- ↑ Jackson, Peter (2007). The Seventh Crusade, 1244-1254: Sources and Documents. Ashgate Publishing. p. 256. ISBN 978-0-7546-5722-4.
- ↑ Room, 2006, p.167.
- ↑ Câmara Municipal de Belo Horizonte. "Lei nº 8.272, de 26 de dezembro de 2001" (in Portuguese). Archived frae the original on 6 Julie 2011. Retrieved 20 Februar 2009.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ The Syrian-Iranian Joint Supreme Committee meetings (in Arabic), Alwehda Publications, 8 Mairch 2009, retrieved 9 November 2010
Citit soorces
- Ball, Warwick (2000). Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-11376-8..
- Dumper, Michael; Stanley, Bruce E.; Abu-Lughod, Janet L. (2007). Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 1-57607-919-8..
- Room, Adrian (2006). Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-2248-3..
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