The Ottoman Empire, kent offeecially as Sublime Ottoman State (Ottoman Turkis: دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye, Modren Turkis: Yüce Osmanlı Devleti or Osmanlı İmparatorluğu) wis an empire that lastit frae 1299 tae 1923.

Ottoman Empire

دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه
Devlet-i Âliyye-i Osmâniyye
1299–1923
Banner o Sublime Ottoman State
Banner
Coat o airms o Sublime Ottoman State
Coat o airms
Motto: دولت ابد مدت
Devlet-i Ebed-müddet
(The Eternal State)
Expansion o the Ottoman Empire atween 1481 an 1683 (excludin Algerie, Sudan, Hejaz, Asir and Yemen)
Expansion o the Ottoman Empire atween 1481 an 1683 (excludin Algerie, Sudan, Hejaz, Asir and Yemen)
CaipitalSöğüt (1299–1309)
Yarhisar (1309-1314)
İnegöl (1314-1326)
Bursa (1326–1365)
Adrianople (1365–1453)
Constantinople (1453–1922)
Common leidsOttoman Turkish (offeecial), mony ethers
Releegion
Offeecial releegion:
Sunni Islam
Minority releegions:
Eastren Orthodox, Rouman Catholic, Judaism, Shiaism
GovrenmentAbsolute monarchy
(1299-1876)
(1878-1908)
(1918-1922)
Constitutional monarchy
(1876-1878)
(1908-1918)
Sultan 
• 1281–1326 (first)
Osman I
• 1918–1922 (last)
Mehmed VI
Grand Vizier 
• 1320–1331 (first)
Alaeddin Pasha
• 1920–1922 (last)
Ahmed Tevfik Pasha
LegislaturImperial Parliament
Senate
Chamber o Deputies
History 
• Established
1299
• Disestablished
29 October 1923
Aurie
16835,200,000 km2 (2,000,000 sq mi)
1914[1]1,800,000 km2 (690,000 sq mi)
CurrencyAkçe, Para, Kuruş, Lira, Sultanî
Precedit bi
Succeedit bi
Byzantine Empire
Sultanate o Rûm
Empire o Trebizond
Despotate o the Morea
Despotate o Epirus
Despotate o Dobruja
Karamanids
Kinrick o Bosnie
Bulgarie Empire
Serbie Empire
League o Lezhë
Mamluk Sultanate
Kinrick o Hungary in the Middle Ages
Algerie an Tunis
Turkish Provisional Govrenment
Hellenic Republic
Sultanate o Egyp
Condominium o Bosnie an Herzegovinae
Principality o Serbie
Provisional Govrenment o Albanie
Kinrick o Romanie
Principality o Bulgarie
Breetish Cyprus
French Algerie
French Tunisie
Sheikhdom o Kuwait
OETA
Italian North Africae
Yemen

At the hicht o its pouer, in the saxteent an seiventeent centuries, the empire spanned three continents, controlling the feck o Sootheastren Europe, Wastren Asie an North Africae The Ottoman Empire conteened 29 provinces an numerous vassal states, some o which wur later absorbed intae the empire, while ithers wur grantit various teeps o autonomy in the course o centuries. The empire temporarily gained authority ower distant owerseas lands forby, throu declarations o allegiance tae the Ottoman Sultan an Caliph, lik the declaration bi the Sultan o Aceh in 1565; or throu the temporar acquisitions o islands in the Atlantic Ocean, lik Lanzarote in 1585.

The empire wis at the centre o interactions atween the Eastern an Wastren warlds for sax centuries. Wi Constantinople as its caipital ceety, an vast control o lands aroond the eastren Mediterranean throu the reign o Suleiman the Magneeficent (ruled 1520 tae 1566), the Ottoman Empire wis, in mony respeckkts, an Islamic successor tae the Eastren Roman (Byzantine) Empire.

The Ottoman Empire came tae an end, as a regime unner an imperial monarchy, on November 1, Mehmed VI deportit frae Constantinople on November 17. It formally endit, as a de jure state, on Julie 24, 1923, unner the Treaty o Lausanne. Wi the Treaty of Lausanne (signed on Julie 24, 1923) the new Turkis State (still nae a Republic, whilk wis proclaimed later on October 29, 1923) heidquartered in Ankara wis internaitionally recognised as the successor tae the Sublime Ottoman State. It wis succeedit bi the Republic o Turkey whilk wis offeecially proclaimed on October 29, 1923.

The empire wis forby kent in Inglis as the Osmanic Empire, the Osmanian Empire or the Ottoman State. Mony contemporaries referred tae it as the Turkis Empire or simply Turkey (see the ither names o the Ottoman State).

References eedit

  1. Dündar, Orhan; Dündar, Erhan, 1.Dünya Savaşı, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Yayınları, 1999, ISBN 975-11-1643-0