Çatalca
Çatalca (Metrae, Μέτραι in Auncient Greek) is a city an a rural destrict in Istanbul, Turkey. It is the maist muckle destrict in Istanbul by area.
Çatalca | |
|---|---|
destrict | |
 Location o Çatalca in Istanbul | |
  Çatalca Location o Çatalca in Istanbul | |
| Coordinates: 41°08′30″N 28°27′47″E / 41.14167°N 28.46306°ECoordinates: 41°08′30″N 28°27′47″E / 41.14167°N 28.46306°E | |
| Kintra | Turkey |
| Ceety | Istanbul |
| Govrenment | |
| • Mayor | Mesut Üner (AKP) |
| • Governor | Yüksel Ayhan |
| Area | |
| • District | 1343.70 km2 (518.81 sq mi) |
| Population (2012)[2] | |
| • Urban | 36,863 |
| • District | 63467 |
| • District density | 47/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Area code(s) | 0-212 |
| Website | www |
The "Scots" that wis uised in this airticle wis written bi a body that haesna a guid grip on the leid. Please mak this airticle mair better gin ye can. (August 2020) |
It is in East Thrace, on the ridge atween the Marmara an the Black Sea.
History
eeditAntiquity
eeditÇatalca's ancient Greek name wis Ergískē (Ἐργίσκη). Ergiske (Ancient Greek: Ἐργίσκη) wis an auncient Greek[3] city in Thrace, locatit in the region of the Propontis.
By Suida's wey o it, the Greek name is efter Ergiscus (Ἐργίσκος), a son of Poseidon throu the naiad (nymph) Aba (Ἄβα). In Greek mythology, Aba wis a nymph an she is presumed tae be a dochter tae the river Hebros.[4] The steid is nou occupied in pairt bi modren Çatalca.
Unner Roman rule, it wis cryed Metrae or Metre an wis important eneuch in the Late Roman province o Europa tae acome a suffragan o its caipital Heraclea's Metropolitan Archbishop, yet wis tae win awa.
Modern period
eeditÇatalca wis settled ootthrou the Ottoman period an the Ottoman Official Statistics o 1910's wey o it, the feck o fowk in the airt wis Greeks.[5] The Crimean War caused a mass exodus o Crimean Tatars tae Ottoman launds. A puckle Crimean Tatars settled in Çatalca.
In the First Balkan War the Bulgarie airmy haed driven the Turkish forces back frae the border, but the Turkis forces retreatit tae the prepared posietions at Çatalca whaur on the 16–17 November 1912 thay defeatit the Bulgaries at the "First Battle o Çatalca".[6][7] The Çatalca fortifications formed a line ower the peninsula, the "Chataldja line", that cam tae be the armistice line o 3 December 1912,[6] efter Bulgarie decidit nae tae attack Adrianople at that time.[6][7] Upon expiration o the airmistice, on 3 Februar [O.S. 21 January] 1913, hostilities recommenced an the Seicont Battle o Çatalca begoud. It wis a series o thrusts an coonter-thrusts bi baith the Ottomans an the Bulgaries an gaed on until 3 Apryle 1913.[8] Thare wis a lairge nummer o journalists that reportit on the militar actions at Çatalca, that thair accoonts gies rich details aboot this event.
By the Ottoman population statistics o 1914's wey o it, the kaza o Çatalca haed a total population of 30,165, wi 16,984 Greeks, 13,034 Muslims, 53 Jews, 44 Armenies, 40 Bulgaries an 10 Roma fowk.[9]
Afore 1930, Çatalca covered present destricts o Arnavutköy, Beylikdüzü, Büyükçekmece, wastren pairts of Başakşehir, rural pairts o Eyüp an Sarıyer an aa. In 1930, the coonty (bucak) o Kilyos wis pairt o the destrict o Sarıyer, that uised tae be pairt of Beyoğlu. At same time, the vielages o Odayeri, Ağaçlı, İhsaniye an Kısırmandıra (Işıklar efter 1987) wis gien tae Kemerburgaz coonty (uised tae be pairt o Beyoğlu destrict) o Sarıyer. In 1963, vielages the likes o Arnavutköy, Bolluca, Hacımaşlı, Haraççı an İmrahor o Boyalık (that it's center wis Hadımköy) coonty pairt o the destrict o Gaziosmanpaşa, orieginally pairt of Eyüp. In 1987 coonty o Büyükçekmece wis separatit an cam tae be a destrict o it's ain. Finally in 2009, the lave o Boyalık county wis gien tae Arnavutköy, that wis pairt o Gaziosmanpaşa, an Muratbey vielage wis gien tae Büyükçekmece.
Population
eeditAs o a November 22, 2000 census, the population o Çatalca destrict wis 81,589, while the ciety o Çatalca haed a population o 36,544 in 2009. The population growth rate wis 0.66%. The lieteracy rate wis 99%.
Geography
eeditÇatalca is 1,715 km² big and haes 135 kilometers o coastline. Its neebours includes Çatalca tae the sooth, an Silivri an Tekirdağ Province tae the wast. Avcılar, Küçükçekmece, an Arnavutköy lie tae the east. Istanbul's fresh watter comes frae lochs Durusu an Çatalca.
Yalıköy is a seaside resort o Çatalca. The Çilingoz Naitur Pairk bewast Yalıköy offers campin an ootdoor recreation activities.
Media
eeditAt Çatalca, ther ar a mediumwave braidcastin station wi a 226 metre hiech mast. It wirks on 702 kHz wi 600 kW.
Internaitional relations
eeditTwin touns an sister cities
eeditÇatalca is twinned wi:
References
eedit- ↑ "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 5 Mairch 2013.
- ↑ "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 27 Februar 2013.
- ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conductit by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen,2005,page 913
- ↑ Suda. Byzantium.
Ergiske: It is in Thrake, [and was named] after Ergiskos the son of Poseidon and Aba, a Nymphe
- ↑ Pentzopoulos, Dimitri (2002). The Balkan exchange of minorities and its impact on Greece. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. pp. 31–32. ISBN 978-1-85065-702-6.
- ↑ a b c Hall, Richard C. (2000) The Balkan Wars 1912-1913: Prelude to the First World War Routledge, London, page 69, ISBN 0-415-22946-4
- ↑ a b Black, Jeremy (2002) Warfare in the Western World, 1882-1975 Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, page 40 ISBN 0-253-34050-0
- ↑ Erickson, Edward J. (2003). Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 285 ff. ISBN 978-0-275-97888-4.
- ↑ Kemal Karpat (1985), Ottoman Population, 1830-1914, Demographic and Social Characteristics, The University of Wisconsin Press, p. 184-185
Freemit airtins
eedit
Travel guide tae Çatalca frae Wikivoyage
| Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae Çatalca. |
- Destrict governor's offeecial wabsteid (in Turkis)
- Destrict municipality's offeecial wabsteid Archived 2009-02-27 at the Wayback Machine (in Turkis)
- Çatalca local news website Archived 2007-06-24 at the Wayback Machine (in Turkis)
- GCatholic with titular incumbent bio links