Tuvalu
Coordinates: 8°31′15″S 179°11′55″E / 8.52083°S 179.19861°E
Tuvalu is a Polynesie island kintra locatit in the Paceefic Ocean, situatit in Oceania, aboot midwey atween Hawaii an Australie. It lees east-northeast o the Santa Cruz Islands (that belang tae the Solomon Islands), sootheast o Nauru, sooth o Kiribati, wast o Tokelau, northwast o Samoa an Wallis an Futuna, an north o Fiji. It comprises three reef islands an sax true atolls spreid oot atween the latitude o 5° tae 10° sooth an longitude o 176° tae 180°, wast o the Internaitional Date Line. Tuvalu haes a population o 10,640 (2012 census).[2][3] The tot laund aurie o the islands o Tuvalu is 26 square kilometre (10 sq mi).
Tuvalu | |
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Motto: "Tuvalu mo te Atua" (Tuvaluan) "Tuvalu for the Awmichty" | |
Anthem: [Tuvalu mo te Atua] error: {{lang}}: text has italic markup (help) (Tuvaluan) Tuvalu for the Awmichty | |
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| Caipital | Funafuti 8°31′S 179°12′E / 8.517°S 179.200°E |
| Offeecial leids | |
| Ethnic groups |
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| Releegion | Christianity (Kirk o Tuvalu) |
| Demonym(s) | Tuvaluan |
| Govrenment | Non-partisan pairlamentar democracy unner constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Tofiga Vaevalu Falani | |
| Feleti Teo | |
| Legislatur | Pairlament |
| Unthirldom | |
• frae the Unitit Kinrick | 1 October 1978 |
| Aurie | |
• Total | 26 km2 (10 sq mi) (192nd) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2017 census | 10,645 (229t) |
• Density | 475.88/km2 (1,232.5/sq mi) (27t) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate |
• Total | $39 million[1] (226t) |
• Per capita | $3,566[1] (156t) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate |
• Tot | $32 million[1] (194th) |
• Per capita | $2,970[1] (118t) |
| Currency | Tuvaluan dollar Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Time zone | UTC+12 |
| Drivin side | caur |
| Cawin code | +688 |
| ISO 3166 code | TV |
| Internet TLD | .tv |
The first indwallers o Tuvalu war Polynesians. The oreegins o the fowk o Tuvalu are addressed in the theories regairdin migration intae the Paceefic that begoud aboot 3000 years ago.[4] In pre-European-contact times thare wis frequent canoe voyagin atween the islands as Polynesian navigation skills are recognised tae hae alloued deliberate jurneys on dooble-huil sailin canoes or ootrigger canoes.[5] The paitern o settlement that is believed tae have occurred is that the Polynesies spreid oot frae Samoa an Tonga intae the Tuvaluan atolls, wi Tuvalu providin a steppin stane tae faur migration intae the Polynesie ootliers in Melanesie an Micronesie.[6][7][8]
In 1568, Spaingie navigator Álvaro de Mendaña wis the first European tae sail throu the airchipelago, sichtin the island o Nui in his expedeetion in sairch o Terra Australis. The island o Funafuti wis named Ellice's Island in 1819; the name Ellice wis applee'd tae aw o the nine islands efter the wark o Inglis hydrografer Alexander George Findlay. The Ellice Islands cam intae Great Breetain's sphere o influence in the late 19t century, as the result o a treaty atween Great Breetain an Germany relatin tae the demarcation o the spheres o influence in the Paceefic Ocean.[9] Ilk o the Ellice Islands wis declared a Breetish Protectorate bi Caiptain Gibson o HMS Curacoa atween 9 an 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands war admeenistered as a Breetish pertectorate bi a Resident Commissioner frae 1892 tae 1916, as pairt o the Breetish Wastren Paceefic Territories (BWPT), an then as pairt o the Gilbert an Ellice Islands colony frae 1916 tae 1976.
A referendum wis held in December 1974 tae determine whether the Gilbert Islands an Ellice Islands shoud ilk hae thair awn admeenistration. As a consequence o the referendum, the Gilbert an Ellice Islands colony ceased tae exist on 1 Januar 1976, an the separate Breetish colonies o Kiribati an Tuvalu cam intae existence. Tuvalu becam fully independent within the Commonweel on 1 October 1978. On 5 September 2000, Tuvalu becam the 189t member o the Unitit Naitions.
References
eedit- ↑ a b c d "Tuvalu". International Monetary Fund.
- ↑ "Population of communities in Tuvalu". world-statistics.org. 11 Apryle 2012. Retrieved 20 Mairch 2016.
- ↑ "Population of communities in Tuvalu". Thomas Brinkhoff. 11 Apryle 2012. Retrieved 20 Mairch 2016.
- ↑ Howe, Kerry (2003). The Quest for Origins. New Zealand: Penguin. pp. 68–70. ISBN 0-14-301857-4.
- ↑ Bellwood, Peter (1987). The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People. Thames and Hudson. pp. 39–44.
- ↑ Bellwood, Peter (1987). The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People. Thames and Hudson. pp. 29 & 54.
- ↑ Bayard, D.T. (1976). The Cultural Relationships of the Polynesian Outiers. Otago University, Studies in Prehistoric Anthropology, Vol. 9.
- ↑ Kirch, P.V. (1984). The Polynesian Outiers. 95 (4) Journal of Pacific History. pp. 224–238.
- ↑ "Declaration between the Governments of Great Britain and the German Empire relating to the Demarcation of the British and German Spheres of Influence in the Western Pacific, signed at Berlin, April 6, 1886,". 1886. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
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