Illinois is a state in the Midwastren region o the Unitit States. It is the 6t-maist populous U.S. state an 25t-lairgest state in terms o laund area, an is eften notit as a microcosm o the entire Unitit States.[7] Wi Chicago in the northeast, smaw industrial ceities an great agricultural productivity in northren an central Illinois, an naitural resoorces sic as coal, timmer, an petroleum in the sooth, Illinois haes a diverse economic base, an is a major transportation hub. The Port o Chicago connects the state tae ither global ports aroond the warld frae the Great Lakes, via the Saunt Lawrence Seaway, tae the Atlantic Ocean; as werl as the Great Lochs tae the Mississippi River, via the Illinois Watterwey on the Illinois River. The Mississippi River, the Ohio River, an the Wabash River form pairts o the boondaries o Illinois. For decades, Chicago's O'Hare Internaitional Airport haes been rankit as ane o the warld's busiest airports. Illinois haes lang haed a reputation as a bellwether baith in social an cultural terms[7] an politics.

Illinois
Illinois
Eik-name(s): 
Land of Lincoln, Prairie State
Motto(s): 
State Sovereignty, National Union
Anthem: "Illinois"
File:Illinois MarchingIllini.mp3
Map o the Unitit States wi Illinois hielichted
Map o the Unitit States wi Illinois hielichted
KintraUnitit States
Afore stateheidIllinois Territory
Admittit tae the UnionDecember 3, 1818 (21st)
CaipitalSpringfield
Lairgest ceetyChicago
Lairgest metroChicago metropolitan aurie
Govrenment
 • GovrenorJ. B. Pritzker (D)
 • Lieutenant GovernorJuliana Stratton (D)
LegislaturIllinois General Assemmly
 • Upper hooseSenate
 • Lawer hooseHoose o Representatives
JudiciarSupreme Coort o Illinois
U.S. senatorsDick Durbin (D)
Tammy Duckworth (D)
U.S. Hoose delegation13 Democrats
5 Republicans (leet)
Area
 • Total149,997 km2 (57,915 sq mi)
 • Laund143,969 km2 (55,593 sq mi)
 • Water5,981 km2 (2,320 sq mi)  3.99%
Area rank25th
Dimensions
 • Length628 km (390 mi)
 • Width338 km (210 mi)
Elevation
180 m (600 ft)
Highest elevation376.4 m (1235 ft)
Lowest elevation85 m (280 ft)
Population
 (2019)
 • Total12,671,821[4]
 • Rank6t
 • Density89.4/km2 (232/sq mi)
 • Density rank12t
 • Median hooseaud income
$62992 (2017)[5]
 • Income rank
17t
Demonym(s)Illinoisan
Leid
 • Offeecial leidInglis[6]
 • Spoken leidInglis (80.8%)
Spaingie (14.9%)
Ither (5.1%)
Time zoneUTC−06:00 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−05:00 (CDT)
USPS abbreviation
IL
ISO 3166 codeUS-IL
Trad. abbreviationIll.
Latitude36° 58′ N tae 42° 30′ N
Longitude87° 30′ W tae 91° 31′ W
Websitewww2.illinois.gov

The caipital o Illinois is Springfield in central Illinois. Awtho the day, the state's lairgest population centre is in an aroond Chicago in the northeastren pairt o the state, the state's European population grew first in the wast, wi French that settled alang the Mississippi River, an gae the area the name Illinois Kintra. Efter the American Revolutionary War established the Unitit States, American settlers begoud arrivin frae Kentucky in the 1780s via the Ohio River, an the population grew frae sooth tae north. In 1818, Illinois achieved stateheid. Efter construction o the Erie Canal increased traffeck an tred throu the Great Lochs, Chicago wis foondit in the 1830s on the banks o the Chicago River, at ane o the few naitural herbours on soothren Loch Michigan.[8] John Deere's invention o the sel-scourin steel pleuch turned Illinois's rich prairie intae some o the warld's maist productive an vailuable fermland, attractin immigrant fermers frae Germany an Swaden. The Illinois an Michigan Canal (1848) made transportation atween the Great Lochs an the Mississippi River valley faster an cheaper. New railweys cairied immigrants tae new hames, as weel as bein uised tae ship commodity craps tae Eastren mercats. The state becam a transportation hub for the naition.[9]

Bi 1900, the growthe o industrial jobs in the northren ceities an coal minin in the central an soothren areas attractit immigrants frae Eastren an Soothren Europe. Illinois wis an important manufacturin centre in baith warld wars. The Great Migration frae the Sooth established a lairge commonty o African Americans in the state, includin Chicago, that creatit the ceity's famous jazz an blues culturs.[10][11] Chicago, the centre o the Chicago Metropolitan Aurie, becam a global alpha-level city.

Three U.S. preses hae been electit while leevin in Illinois: Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, an Barack Obama. Addeetionally, Ronald Reagan, that's poleetical career wis based in Californie, wis born an raised in Illinois. The day, Illinois honours Lincoln wi its offeecial state slogan, Land of Lincoln, that haes been displayed on its nummer plates syne 1954.[12][13] The state is the steid o the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Leebrar an Museum, locatit in the state caipital o Springfield, an futur hame o the Barack Obama Presidential Centre in Chicago.

References eedit

  1. "Charles". NGS data sheet. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  2. a b "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. Archived frae the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  3. a b Elevation adjuistit tae North American Vertical Datum of 1988.
  4. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. 29 Januar 2020. Retrieved 30 Januar 2020.
  5. "Median Annual Household Income". The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Archived frae the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
  6. "(5 ILCS 460/20) (from Ch. 1, par. 2901‑20) State Designations Act". Illinois Compiled Statutes. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois General Assembly. 4 September 1991. Archived frae the original on 5 Mairch 2009. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2009. Sec. 20. Official language. The official language of the State of Illinois is English.
  7. a b Ohlemacher, Stephen (17 Mey 2007). "Analysis ranks Illinois most average state". Carbondale, Illinois: The Southern Illinoisan. Associated Press. Retrieved 10 Apryle 2009.
  8. [1]
  9. Ryburn-LaMonte, Terri (1999). "The Historical Development of Transportation in Illinois". Illinois Periodicals Online.
  10. "Jazz". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved 19 Mey 2012.
  11. "Blues". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved 19 Mey 2012.
  12. "The History of Illinois License Plates". Cyberdriveillinois.com. Retrieved 15 Februar 2012.
  13. "Slogan". Museum.state.il.us. Retrieved 7 Februar 2011.

Freemit airtins eedit

State govrenment

Relatit information eedit

Coordinates: 40°N 89°W / 40°N 89°W / 40; -89