2016 Simmer Olympics
The 2016 Simmer Olympics (Portuguese: Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016), offeecially kent as the Gemmes o the XXXI Olympiad (Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada), wis a major internaitional multi-sport event celebratit in the tradeetion o the Olympic Gemmes, as govrened bi the Internaitional Olympic Committee (IOC). The host ceety o the Gemmes wis Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, annoonced at the 121st IOC Session held in Copenhagen, Denmark, on October 2, 2009. Thay war held frae August 5 tae 21, 2016, makin it the seicont Simmer Olympics held during the host ceety's winter (the first wis the Sydney 2000 Olympics, whase first week wis held durin the Soothren Hemisphere's winter).[n 1] Thare war 35 competeetion venues mainly in Barra da Tijuca, but an aa in three ither zones: Copacabana, Deodoro, an Maracanã. It merks the first time a Sooth American ceety hosts the event, the third tae host in the Soothren Hemisphere (an the first time in a Soothren Hemisphere kintra ither than Australie), an an aa the first time a Portuguese speakin kintra hosts the event.[1] Thir war the first Simmer Olympic Gemmes syne the Sydney 2000 Olympics nae tae be held in the host naition's caipital ceety.
Host ceety | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | ||
---|---|---|---|
Motto | Live your passion (Portuguese: Viva sua paixão) | ||
Naitions pairteecipatin | 185 qualified (206 expectit) | ||
Athletes pairteecipatin | 7,926 confirmed (mair nor 10,500 expectit) | ||
Events | 306 in 28 sports | ||
Appenin ceremony | August 5 | ||
Closin ceremony | 21 August | ||
Stadium | Maracanã Stadium | ||
Simmer | |||
|
Biddin process
eeditThe biddin process for the 2016 Olympic Gemmes wis offeecially launched on 16 Mey 2007.[2] The first step for each ceety wis tae submit an ineetial application tae the Internaitional Olympic Committee (IOC) bi 13 September 2007, confirmin thair intention tae bid. Completit offeecial bid files, conteenin answers tae a 25-quaisten IOC form, war tae be submittit bi each applicant ceety bi 14 Januar 2008. Fower candidate ceeties war chosen for the shortleet on 4 Juin 2008: Chicago, Madrid, Rio de Janeiro an Tokyo (which hostit the 1964 Simmer Olympics an will host again in 2020). The IOC did nae promote Doha tae the Candidature phase, despite scorin heicher nor selectit candidate ceety Rio de Janeiro, acause o thair intent o hostin the Olympics in October, ootside o the IOC's sportin calendar. Prague an Baku an aa failed tae mak the cut.[3]
The final votin wis held on 2 October 2009, in Copenhagen wi Madrid an Rio de Janeiro perceived as favourites tae laund the gemmes. Chicago an Tokyo war eleeminatit efter the first an seicont roonds o votin, respectively, while Rio de Janeiro teik a significant lead ower Madrid heidin intae the final roond. The lead held an Rio de Janeiro wis annoonced as host o 2016 Simmer Olympics. Failed bids frae ither Sooth American ceeties include Buenos Aires (1936, 1956, 1968, 2004) an Brasília, which widrew during the 2000 Simmer Olympic biddin process.
2016 Simmer Olympics biddin results[4] | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ceety | NOC | Round 1 | Round 2 | Round 3 | |
Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | 26 | 46 | 66 | |
Madrid | Spain | 28 | 29 | 32 | |
Tokyo | Japan | 22 | 20 | — | |
Chicago | Unitit States | 18 | — | — |
Venues
eeditEvents teuk place at aichteen existing venues (aicht o which required some redevelopment), nine new venues constructit for the Simmer Gemmes, an seiven temporary venues that war remuived follaein the gemmes.[5]
Each event wis held in ane o fower geografically segregatit Olympic clusters: Barra, Copacabana, Deodoro, an Maracanã. The same wis done for the 2007 Pan American Gemmes.[6][7] Several o the venues war locatit at the Barra Cluster Olympic Pairk.[5]
The Gemmes
eeditOpenin ceremony
eeditThe openin ceremony teuk place in the Maracanã Stadium on 5 August 2016. Performers includit Gilberto Gil, Anitta, an Caetano Veloso. The Olympic cauldron wis lit bi Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima.
Sports
eeditThe 2016 Summer Olympic program features 28 sports and a total of 41 disciplines and 306 events.
- Aquatics
- Divin (8)
- Soummin (34)
- Synchronised soummin (2)
- Watter polo (2)
- Airchery (4)
- Athletics (47)
- Badminton (5)
- Basketbaw (2)
- Boxing (13)
- Canoein
- Slalom (4)
- Sprint (12)
- Cyclin
- BMX (2)
- Moontain bikin (2)
- Road (4)
- Track (10)
- Equestrian
- Dressage (2)
- Eventin (2)
- Jumpin (2)
- Fencin (10)
- Field hockey (2)
- Fitbaa (2)
- Gowf (2)
- Gymnastics
- Airteestic (14)
- Rhythmic (2)
- Trampoline (2)
- Haundbaw (2)
- Judo (14)
- Modren pentathlon (2)
- Rowin (14)
- Rugby sevens (2)
- Sailin (10)
- Shuitin (15)
- Table tennis (4)
- Taekwondo (8)
- Tennis (5)
- Triathlon (2)
- Volleybaw
- Volleyball (2)
- Beach volleyball (2)
- Wechtliftin (15)
- Wrestlin
- Freestyle (12)
- Greco-Roman (6)
Calendar
eeditThis is currently based on the schedule released on the same day as ticket sales began, 31 Mairch 2015.[8]
- Aw dates are Brasília Time (UTC–3)
OC | Openin ceremony | ● | Event competeetions | 1 | Gowd medal events | EG | Exhibeetion gala | CC | Closin ceremony |
August | 3 Wed |
4 Thu |
5 Fri |
6 Sat |
7 Sun |
8 Mon |
9 Tue |
10 Wed |
11 Thu |
12 Fri |
13 Sat |
14 Sun |
15 Mon |
16 Tue |
17 Wed |
18 Thu |
19 Fri |
20 Sat |
21 Sun |
Gowd medal events | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ceremonies (openin / closin) | OC | CC | |||||||||||||||||||
Archery | ● | 1 | 1 | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Athletics | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 47 | ||||||||||
Badminton | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||
Basketbaw | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
Boxin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 13 | ||||
Canoein | Slalom | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | 16 | ||||||||||||||
Sprint | ● | 4 | ● | 4 | ● | 4 | |||||||||||||||
Cyclin | Road cyclin | 1 | 1 | 2 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||
Track cyclin | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
BMX | ● | ● | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Moontain bikin | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Divin | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ● | ● | 1 | ● | 1 | ● | 1 | ● | 1 | 8 | |||||||
Equestrian | ● | ● | ● | 2 | ● | ● | 1 | ● | 1 | ● | 1 | 1 | 6 | ||||||||
Fencin | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | |||||||||||
Field hockey | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
Fitbaa | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
Golf | ● | ● | ● | 1 | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Gymnastics | Airteestic | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 3 | EG | 18 | |||||||||
Rhythmic | ● | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Trampolinin | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
Haundbaw | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
Judo | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 14 | |||||||||||||
Modren pentathlon | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
Rowin | ● | ● | ● | ● | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 14 | ||||||||||||
Rugby seivens | ● | ● | 1 | ● | ● | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Sailin | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | |||||||||
Shuitin | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 15 | |||||||||||
Soummin | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 34 | ||||||||||
Synchronised soummin | ● | ● | 1 | ● | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||
Table tennis | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1v | 4 | ||||||||
Taekwondo | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
Tennis | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | |||||||||||
Triathlon | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Volleybaw | Beach volleybaw | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 4 | ||||||
Induir volleybaw | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | |||||
Watter polo | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
Wechtliftin | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | ||||||||||
Wrestlin | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 18 | ||||||||||||
Tot gowd medal events | 12 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 19 | 24 | 21 | 22 | 17 | 25 | 16 | 23 | 22 | 30 | 12 | 306 | ||||
Cumulative tot | 12 | 26 | 40 | 55 | 75 | 94 | 118 | 139 | 161 | 178 | 203 | 219 | 242 | 264 | 294 | 306 | |||||
August | 3 Wed |
4 Thu |
5 Fri |
6 Sat |
7 Sun |
8 Mon |
9 Tue |
10 Wed |
11 Thu |
12 Fri |
13 Sat |
14 Sun |
15 Mon |
16 Tue |
17 Wed |
18 Thu |
19 Fri |
20 Sat |
21 Sun |
Gold medal events |
Medal table
eeditRank | NOC | Gowd | Siller | Bronze | Tot |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States (USA) | 46 | 37 | 38 | 121 |
2 | Great Breetain (GBR) | 27 | 23 | 17 | 67 |
3 | Cheenae (CHN) | 26 | 18 | 26 | 70 |
4 | Roushie (RUS) | 19 | 18 | 19 | 56 |
5 | Germany (GER) | 17 | 10 | 15 | 42 |
6 | Japan (JPN) | 12 | 8 | 21 | 41 |
7 | Fraunce (FRA) | 10 | 18 | 14 | 42 |
8 | Sooth Korea (KOR) | 9 | 3 | 9 | 21 |
9 | Italy (ITA) | 8 | 12 | 8 | 28 |
10 | Australie (AUS) | 8 | 11 | 10 | 29 |
11–87 | Remainin NOCs | 125 | 149 | 184 | 458 |
Tot (87 NOCs) | 307 | 307 | 361 | 975 |
Host naition (Brazil)
Concerns an controversies
eeditAn ongangin ootbreak o the mosquito-borne Zika virus in Brazil haes raised fears regairdin its potential impact on athletes an veesitors. Organisers plan tae perform daily inspections o Olympic venues tae prevent puddles o stagnant water that allae mosquitoes tae breed.[10] Zika virus transmission wis an aa attributit tae inefficient sewage treatment in the area, an sewage treatment is bein improved in preparation for the Gemmes.[11]
The Guanabara Bay, whase watters war uised for sailin an windsurfin competeetions, is hivily pollutit. Amang the chief causes o the pollution are uncollectit trash fed intae the bay via pollutit rivers an slums alang the coast. Pollution o the Guanabara haes been a long-term issue.
Notes
eedit- ↑ Melbourne Simmer Olympics wis held frae 22 November tae 8 December 1956
References
eedit- ↑ "BBC SPORT , Olympics , Rio to stage 2016 Olympic Games". BBC News. 2 October 2009. Retrieved 4 October 2009.
- ↑ "2016 Bid Process Launched". International Olympic Committee. 16 Mey 2007.
- ↑ "Four on 2016 Olympics short-list". BBC News. 4 Juin 2008. Retrieved 15 Mairch 2010.
- ↑ "Past Bid Results". GamesBids.com. Archived frae the original on 15 September 2008. Retrieved 31 October 2015.
- ↑ a b "Sports and Venues" (PDF), Rio de Janeiro 2016 Candidate File (PDF), 2, (BOC), 16 Februar 2009, pp. 10–11, archived frae the original (PDF) on 23 Mey 2013, retrieved 29 Juin 2015. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Introduction" (PDF), Rio de Janeiro 2016 Candidate File (PDF), 1, London, United Kingdom: (BOC), 16 Februar 2009, archived frae the original (PDF) on 20 Mairch 2009, retrieved 5 Mey 2009.
- ↑ Rio 2007 Pan Am Games Get Debriefed Ahead Of 2016 Bid, Toronto, Canada: (GamesBids), 9 Mairch 2008, archived frae the original on 23 October 2008, retrieved 5 Mey 2009.
- ↑ "Tickets". NOC*NSF. 31 Mairch 2015. Retrieved 6 Mey 2015.
- ↑ "Medal count – Olympic medal standings". rio2016. Archived frae the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016. Archived 2016-08-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Zika virus: Olympic venues to be inspected daily before and during Games". BBC Sport. 29 Januar 2016. Retrieved 30 Januar 2016.
- ↑ Khazan, Olga (31 Mairch 2016). "What Happens When There's Poop in the Water". The Atlantic. Retrieved 30 Juin 2016.