Salekhard
Salekhard (Roushie: Салеха́рд; Khanty: Пуӆңават; Nenets: Саляʼ харад, lit. hoose on a peninsulae) is a toun an the admeenistrative centre o Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Roushie. It is the closest toun tae the Polar circle, the main pairts bein aboot 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) sooth an suburbs stretchin tae the north o the circle. Population: 42,544 (2010 Census);[2] 36,827 (2002 Census);[7] 32,334 (1989 Census).[8]
Salekhard Салехард | |
|---|---|
.png) Banner .png) Coat airms | |
Location o Salekhard  | |
  Salekhard Location o Salekhard  Salekhard Salekhard (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) | |
| Coordinates: 66°32′N 66°36′E / 66.533°N 66.600°ECoordinates: 66°32′N 66°36′E / 66.533°N 66.600°E | |
| Kintra | Roushie |
| Federal subject | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug[1] |
| Foondit | 1595 |
| Toun status syne | 1938 |
| Govrenment | |
| • Mayor | Alexander Spirin |
| Area | |
| • Total | 19 km2 (7 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 15 m (49 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 42,544 |
| • Density | 2,200/km2 (5,800/sq mi) |
| • Subordinatit tae | toun o okrug significance o Salekhard[1] |
| • Caipital o | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug[1], toun o okrug significance o Salekhard[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Salekhard Urban Okrug[3] |
| • Caipital o | Salekhard Urban Okrug[3] |
| Time zone | UTC+5 ([4]) |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 629000  |
| Dialin code(s) | +7 34922[6] |
| Twin touns | Azov |
| OKTMO ID | 71951000001 |
| Website | www |
History
eeditThe dounset o Obdorsk (Обдорск) wis foondit in 1595, in the place o a Khanty dounset cried Polnovat-Vozh (Полноват-вож), bi Roushie settlers efter the conquest o Siberie. It wis situatit on the Ob River, an its name supposedly derives frae that. The laund aroond Obdorsk wis referred tae as Obdorsky krai, or Obdoriya.
The toun wis aften uised as a place o exile durin the Tsarist an Soviet periods. Amang notable fowk who spent time here wis the Doukhobor spiritual leader Pyotr Verigin. The toun an nearbi aurie contained three Soviet camps whaur approximately 6,500 preesoners wur held, arrested for their belief in God. At the port o Salekhard, approximately 1,500 preesoners loadit an unloadit guids at the dock, or mined metal ores. Aboot 5,000 preesoners in twa camps near Salekhard wur assigned tae pols diamonds mined frae Mirny.
On 10 Dizember 1930, Obdorsk became the admeenistrative centre o the new Yamal (Nenets) Naitional Okrug. It wis renamit Salekhard in 1933, an grantit toun status in 1938.
Admeenistrative an municipal status
eeditAthin the framewirk o admeenistrative diveesions, it is, thegither wi ane landwart locality, incorporatit as the toun o okrug significance o Salekhard—an admeenistrative unit wi the status equal tae that o the destricts.[1] As a municipal diveesion, the toun o okrug significance o Salekhard is incorporatit as Salekhard Urban Okrug.[3]
Economy
eeditYamal Airlines haes its heid office in Salekhard.[9]
Transportation
eeditThe toun is servit bi the Salekhard Airport.
The nearest railwey is at Labytnangi on the opposite side o the river Ob. Frae 1949 tae 1953, the Salekhard-Igarka Railway project made an unsuccessful attempt tae extend the line tae Igarka, claimin the lives o thoosans o Gulag preesoners. The section o railwey frae Salekhard tae Nadym wis completit an remained in uise for some time in the Soviet era, awtho it wis later abandoned. It is currently bein rebuilt, alang wi a lang-awaitit brig athort the Ob atween Labytnangi an Salekhard.
As o 2010[update], caurs an larries cross the river bi drivin athort the frozen river ice for 9–10 month a year. In the simmer a ferry operates, "but twice a year, durin floatin o ice, Salekhard lives in a staundalane mode, completely cut aff frae the warld. Anerlie helicopter in case o emergency. Native fowk aye build safety stock o fuid at hame, in the shops, in the mercat for this period, but they still hae saisonal price increasin."[10]
Climate
eeditSalekhard haes a subairctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) wi short, mild simmers an severly cauld winters. Precipitation is moderate, an is significantly greater in simmer than in winter.
| Climate data for Salekhard | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record heich °C (°F) | 3.5 (38.3) |
1.9 (35.4) |
5.7 (42.3) |
15.5 (59.9) |
24.5 (76.1) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.9 (91.2) |
29.9 (85.8) |
24.8 (76.6) |
18.2 (64.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
4.1 (39.4) |
32.9 (91.2) |
| Average heich °C (°F) | −18.8 (−1.8) |
−18.5 (−1.3) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−4 (25) |
3.7 (38.7) |
14.3 (57.7) |
19.7 (67.5) |
15.7 (60.3) |
8.8 (47.8) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−11.3 (11.7) |
−16.2 (2.8) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −23.2 (−9.8) |
−22.9 (−9.2) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
−9.1 (15.6) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
9.5 (49.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−20.7 (−5.3) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
| Average law °C (°F) | −27.8 (−18.0) |
−27.4 (−17.3) |
−19.9 (−3.8) |
−14 (7) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
7.3 (45.1) |
2.2 (36.0) |
−6 (21) |
−19.5 (−3.1) |
−25.2 (−13.4) |
−9.9 (14.1) |
| Record law °C (°F) | −51.3 (−60.3) |
−53.7 (−64.7) |
−47.4 (−53.3) |
−38.7 (−37.7) |
−30.8 (−23.4) |
−11 (12) |
−1 (30) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−35.7 (−32.3) |
−47.1 (−52.8) |
−51.5 (−60.7) |
−53.7 (−64.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 23 (0.9) |
19 (0.7) |
21 (0.8) |
26 (1.0) |
37 (1.5) |
51 (2.0) |
65 (2.6) |
69 (2.7) |
42 (1.7) |
46 (1.8) |
28 (1.1) |
27 (1.1) |
454 (17.9) |
| Average rainy days | 0.1 | 0 | 0.5 | 3 | 10 | 17 | 18 | 21 | 20 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 99.6 |
| Average snawy days | 26 | 23 | 23 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 17 | 24 | 27 | 174 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83 | 82 | 81 | 78 | 77 | 70 | 72 | 79 | 82 | 86 | 85 | 83 | 80 |
| Mean monthly sunshine oors | 4.0 | 48.0 | 135.0 | 209.0 | 233.0 | 270.0 | 307.0 | 185.0 | 96.0 | 57.0 | 18.0 | 0.0 | 1,562 |
| Source #1: Pogoda.ru.net[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: NOAA (sun only, 1961-1990)[12] | |||||||||||||
Internaitional relations
eeditTwin touns an sister cities
eeditSalekhard is twinned wi:
- Azov, Rostov Oblast, Roushie
References
eeditNotes
eedit- ↑ a b c d e f Law #42-ZAO
- ↑ a b Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census] (in Roushie). Federal State Stateestics Service.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ a b c Law #26-ZAO
- ↑ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Roushie). 3 Juin 2011. Retrieved 19 Januar 2019.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Roushie)
- ↑ Телефонные коды городов (in Russian). Retrieved 2010-09-24.
- ↑ Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (21 Mey 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population o Roushie, Its Federal Destricts, Federal Subjects, Destricts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Admeenistrative Centres, an Rural Localities wi Population o Ower 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [Aw-Roushie Population Census o 2002] (in Roushie).CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [Aw Union Population Census o 1989: Present Population o Union an Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts an Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Destricts, Urban Settlements, an Veelages Servin as Destrict Admeenistrative Centres]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [Aw-Union Population Census o 1989] (in Roushie). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute o Demografie at the Naitional Resairch Varsity: Heicher Schuil o Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ Yamal Airlines. Retrieved on February 27, 2012.
- ↑ 2010/2011 visitor Любовь
- ↑ "Pogoda.ru.net - Climate Data for Salekhard" (in Russian). Retrieved 18 Januar 2013.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ "Salekhard Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 18 Januar 2013.
Sources
eedit- Государственная Дума Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа. Закон №42-ЗАО от 6 октября 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа», в ред. Закона №123-ЗАО от 6 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа в части изменения вида населённого пункт Тазовский путём отнесения его к сельским пунктам и наделении муниципального образования посёлок Тазовский статусом сельского поселения». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №119, 13 октября 2006 г. (State Duma of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Law #42-ZAO of October 6, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #123-ZAO of December 6, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Due to Changing the Status of the Inhabited Locality of Tazovsky to a Rural Locality and on Granting the Municipal Formation of the Settlement of Tazovsky the Status of a Rural Settlement. Effective as of the day upon expiration of ten days from the official publication date.).
- Государственная Дума Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа. Закон №26-ЗАО от 22 июня 2004 г. «О наделении статусом, определении административного центра и установлении границ муниципального образования город Салехард», в ред. Закона №100-ЗАО от 31 октября 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в Закон Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа "О наделении статусом, определении административного центра и установлении границ муниципального образования город Салехард"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №50, 23 июня 2004 г. (State Duma of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Law #26-ZAO of June 22, 2004 On Granting the Status, Determining the Administrative Center, and Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Salkhard, as amended by the Law #100-ZAO of October 31, 2012 On Amending the Law of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug "On Granting the Status, Determining the Administrative Center, and Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Salkhard". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
Freemit airtins
eedit- (in Roushie) Offeecial wabsteid o Salekhard Archived 2020-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
- Offeecial wabsteid o Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Information aboot Salekhard Archived 2007-05-25 at the Wayback Machine