Dorogomilovo Destrict
Dorogomilovo Destrict (Roushie: райо́н Дорогоми́лово) is a destrict o Wastren Admeenistrative Okrug o the federal ceety o Moscow, Roushie. Population: 67,720 (2010 Census);[1] 59,732 (2002 Census).[3] Postal codes: 113000 tae 119000.
| Dorogomilovo Destrict район Дорогомилово (Roushie) | |
|---|---|
 Location o Dorogomilovo Destrict in Moscow | |
| Coordinates: 55°44′26″N 37°32′25″E / 55.74056°N 37.54028°ECoordinates: 55°44′26″N 37°32′25″E / 55.74056°N 37.54028°E | |
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| Location | |
| Kintra | Roushie |
| Federal subject | Moscow |
| Stateestics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 67,720 inhabitants[1] |
| • Urban | 100% |
| • Rural | 0% |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[2] |
| Dorogomilovo Destrict on WikiCommons | |
The destrict, adjacent tae Presnensky, Arbat, an Khamovniki Destricts o Central Admeenistrative Okrug, contains a prestigious 5-kilometer (3.1 mi) strip o land alang Kutuzovsky Prospekt, Victory Pairk, an Kiyevsky Rail Terminal.
History
eeditThis section is based on P.V.Sytin's "History of Moscow Streets"[4]
Original Dorogomilovo sloboda wis locatit on the opposite (eastren) bank o the Moskva River, atween Khamovniki an Novodevichy Monastery. Peasants o this sloboda, personally free, wur payin their taxes wi Yam (mail coach) service on the auld road tae Smolensk, the main link atween Moscow an Poland. Smolensk wis annexed bi Moscow in the course o the Roushie-Pols War, an as a result the road wis straichtened an a new river crossin emergit on steid o present-day Borodinsky Brig. Dorogomilovo sloboda relocatit tae the wastren bank, tae present-day Dorogomilovo. For the next twa hundrer years, the new an the auld dounsets shared the same name. The anerly ither dounset on the wastren bank wis a fishin veelage awned bi Patriairch.
In 1731–1742, when Moscow ceety boondar expandit tae Kamer-Kollezhsky Val limits, Dorogomilovo sloboda wis incorporatit intae Moscow. Gradually, the ance-free coach-drivers wur strippit o their liberties an reducit tae taxpayer peasant status. Umwhile sloboda population decreased frae 117 hoosehaulds in 1699 tae 24 in 1801. Insteid, Dorogomilovo acquired ane o Moscow's lairgest cemeteries (Orthodox, 1771, Jewish, 1788[5]).
In 1812, auld Smolensk road witnessed the retreat o Roushie troops an Napoleon's conquest o Moscow. The veelage o Fili, whaur Kutuzov made his decision tae abandon Moscow, is situatit juist ootside o the modren Dorogomilovo Destrict boundary. The French mairched tae Moscow in three columns, crossin the river in Fili, Dorogomilovo, an Luzhniki. Meanwhile, woondit at Battle o Borodino whaur dyin an buriet at Dorogomilovo cemeteries.[6]
Industrial development o the 19t century wis slow, due tae the regular floods. The main employers in the aurie wis a brewery set on a hill in 1875, still operatin as Badayev Brewery (19t century postcaird Archived 2005-05-04 at the Wayback Machine), a dye factory (1883), an a cement plant (1894). Newspapers, describin 1879 flood, wrote that "brewery wirkers managit tae roll oot a beer barrel an floatit awa frae the steid"...[7] Development wis boostit bi construction o Bryansky (nou Kiyevsky) railwey terminal, oreeginally biggit in firth (1900 postcaird[deid airtin]). In 1912, the ceety biggit new Borodinsky Brig, which still staunds. New Kiyevsky Terminal, designed bi Ivan Rerberg an Vladimir Shukhov in 1912–1914, wis completit durin the Roushie Ceevil War, in 1920.
Dorogomilovo Cathedral
eeditDorogomilovo uised tae hae Moscow's seicont lairgest temple (efter Christ the Saviour, photo Archived 2005-05-04 at the Wayback Machine), ratit for 10,000 wirshippers. It wis set on the steid o present-day corner block at 1 Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya; thare are nae reliable explanations why it wis biggit in such a remote an scarcely populatit place. Construction o Byzantine Revival Bogoyavlensky Temple proceedit frae 1898 tae 1910. Oreeginally modelled efter Christ the Saviour, the design wis later chyngit frae five-domit tae a single dome, an externally wis the maist austere o Moscow cathedrals.
Stairtin in 1918, Bolshevik authorities began harassin the clergy, an in 1922 strippit the kirk o aw siller an gowd, causin the Dorogomilovo Riot (5-7 Apryle 1922). Efter the demolition o Christ the Saviour (1931), Dorogomilovo Cathedral wis the main operatin temple o Roushie Orthodox Kirk, till its destruction in 1938.[8]
Modren history
eedit
In the 1920s, Dorogomilovo hoosit some o Moscow's post-war firsts, notably, the first new schuil (Schuil No. 56 at 22 Kutuzovsky, 1927), the first new hotel (Kiyevskaya, 1934),[9] an a student campus that gave it name tae Studencheskaya Street anda metro station.
In 1935, Dorogomilovo became the steid o a major Stalinist airchitectur project. A 2.7-kilometer lang stretch o Dorogomilovskaya Street an Mozhaysk heich-gate wis zoned for first-rate hoosin construction; hauf o the project wis actually completit afore Juin 1941. Ane o these apairtment blocks, 26 Kutuzovsky, is kent as Leonid Brezhnev's Mikhail Suslov's an Yuri Andropov's hame. Construction wis completit durin post-war years.
In 1938–1950s, Dorogomilovo cemeteries wur gradually destroyed an redevelopit; housomeivver, for a short time in 1938–1940 an in 1946, relatives wur alloued tae re-bury the remains at oot-o-toun cemeteries. Remains o Isaac Levitan wur relocatit frae Jewish cemetery tae Novodevichy Cemetery.[10] A railwey track tae the brewery wis severed frae the main line, as a result ane can see an IS20 steam locomotive strandit ahint factory gates.
Post-war construction wis concentratit on the embankments an the beginnin o Kutuzovsky Prospect, notably, the Ukraina Hotel Skyscraper (1947–1952). Grand Stalinist biggins completit the perimeters o lairge ceety blocks; inside, firthen shacks (photo Archived 2007-01-31 at the Wayback Machine) survivit till the 1970s an wur replacit wi Brezhnev-era staundart hoosin (o better-than-average variety).
Notable biggins, cultural, an eddicational facilities
eedit- Ukraina Hotel
- German-Soviet War museum in Victory Pairk
- Borodino Panorama (1962, pentin 1912) an Kutuzov monument (1973)
- Triumphal Airch (1968), replica o 1829–1834 oreeginal bi Joseph Bove that wis razit in 1936
- Bagration monument (1999) an Bagration Brig (1997)
Eddication
eeditThe Embassy o Indie Schuil Moscow is in the destrict.[11]
Public transportation access
eedit- Kievskaya-Koltsevaya, Kievskaya (Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya), Kievskaya (Filyovskaya) - west
- Studencheskaya, Kutuzovskaya - center
- Fili - north (industrial grounds only)
- Park Pobedy - west, Victory Park and Borodino Panorama
References
eedit- ↑ a b Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 Aw-Roushie Population Census] (in Roushie). Federal State Stateestics Service.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Govrenment o the Roushie Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of Juin 31, 2011 On Calculatin Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of Julie 03, 2016 On Amendin Federal Law "On Calculatin Time". Effective as of efter saxty days follaein the day o the offeecial publication.).
- ↑ Roushie Federal State Stateestics Service (21 Mey 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population o Roushie, Its Federal Destricts, Federal Subjects, Destricts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Admeenistrative Centres, an Rural Localities wi Population o Ower 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [Aw-Roushie Population Census o 2002] (in Roushie).CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ Russian: П.В.Сытин, "Из истории московских улиц", М, 1948
- ↑ Russian: Official site, history page, 18th century www.dorogomilovo.ru Archived 2007-03-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Russian: Official site, history page, 1812 www.dorogomilovo.ru Archived 2007-03-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Russian: "Рабочие пивоваренного завода ухитрились для этой цели употребить в дело чан, вытащили его из ворот и поплыли". Сытин, стр.274, цитирует "Современные известия", N97 и 103, 1879
- ↑ Russian: Лебедева, Елена, "Храм богоявления Господня в Дорогомилове", www.pravoslavie.ru
- ↑ Russian: Александров, Ю.Н., Жуков, К.В., "Силуэты Москвы", М, 1978, стр.16,23
- ↑ Russian: official site www.dorogomilovo.ru Archived 2007-03-08 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Contact Archived 2012-08-06 at the Wayback Machine." Embassy o Indie Schuil Moscow. Retrieved on 25 August 2012. "Address : 10/2 Ulitsa Bolshaya Dorogomilovskaya (4th and 5th Floors), Kievskaya,Moscow"