Biskupiec
Biskupiec [bʲisˈkupʲɛt͡s] (
listen) (German: Bischofsburg (
listen)) is a toun in the Warmie-Masurie Voivodeship in Poland. It is locatit in Olsztyn Coonty an haes a predominantly Catholic population o approximately 11,400. The kintraside surroondin Biskupiec is a popular tourist destination, pairt o the Masurie Loch Destrict.
Biskupiec | |
|---|---|
 Banner  Coat airms | |
  Biskupiec | |
| Coordinates: 53°51′N 20°57′E / 53.850°N 20.950°E | |
| Kintra |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Warmie-Masurie |
| Coonty | Olsztyn |
| Gmina | Biskupiec |
| Toun richts | 1395 |
| Govrenment | |
| • Mayor | Elżbieta Samorajczyk |
| Area | |
| • Total | 5 km2 (2 sq mi) |
| Population (2006) | |
| • Total | 10,348 |
| • Density | 2,100/km2 (5,400/sq mi) |
| Postal code | 11-300 |
| Website | http://www.biskupiec.pl |
History
eeditThe toun's name derivit frae the Prince-Bishops o Warmie, who haed a castle biggit in the sootheastren ootskirts o thair realm on the Dymer creek in the late 14t century. The fortress wis first mentioned in a 1389 deed, the dounset that haed developit nearbi receivit toun preevileges accordin tae Kulm law bi Bishop Henry III Sorbom in 1395. Toun an castle wur devastatit durin the Thirteen Years' War (1454–66) atween the rebellious Proushie Confederation an the State o the Teutonic Order, an wi Warmie passed tae the Lands o the Pols Croun accordin tae the Seicont Peace o Thorn in 1466.
Again demolished durin the Pols–Teutonic War (1519–21), the Polsh–Swadish War (1626–1629) an the Seicont Northren War (1655–1660), the development o the toun wis aften hampered no anerly bi warfare, but bi blazes, plague an faimin an aw. Wi the First Pairtition o Poland in 1772, Bischofsburg wis annexed bi the Kinrick o Proushie an incorporatit intae the Province o East Proushie. Frae 1862 till 1945, it wis the seat o Landkreis Rößel, frae 1871 pairt o the German Empire. Efter the German defeat in Warld War I the 1920 East Proushie plebiscite held in the toun resultit in 3461 against 52 votes cast for Germany. Bischofsburg wis again 50% destroyed durin the East Proushie Affensive o the Red Airmy in the late days o Warld War II.
In 1945 the toun wis transferred, alang wi the soothren pairt o East Proushie, tae Poland accordin tae the resolutions at the Potsdam Conference. Its remainin German population wis expelled an the name chyngit tae Pols: Biskupiec.
Despite its numerous devastations, the medieval ceety's layoot haes been lairgely preservit. The toun's laundmerk is its 16t century Gothic Kirk dedicatit tae Saunt John the Baptist (Kościół p.w. św. Jana Chrzciciela, Johanniskirche), erectit frae 1505 onwairds on the behest o Prince-Bishop Lucas Watzenrode an consecratit in 1580 bi Prince-Bishop Marcin Kromer.
Notable fowk
eedit- Hans-Joachim Mack (1928-2008), general, Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe
- William Michaelis (1871–1948), viceadmiral
- Hans Woellke (1911–1943), athlete an Waffen-SS caiptain
Internaitional relations
eeditTwin touns — sister ceeties
eeditBiskupiec is twinned wi:
Freemit airtins
eedit- Municipal website Archived 2012-04-22 at the Wayback Machine (in Pols)
- Information portal of Biskupiec Archived 2012-04-22 at the Wayback Machine (in Pols)
- Bischofsburg.de - About pre-1945 history (in German)
- Statistics of inhabitants, birth, marriage, death from 1643 Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine