Abu Ghosh
Abu Ghosh (Arabic: أبو غوش; Hebrew: אבו גוש) is an Israeli Arab toun in Israel, locatit 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) wast o Jerusalem on the Tel Aviv-Jerusalem heich-gate. It is situatit 610–720 meters abuin sea level. In 2010, it set the Guinness Warld Record for lairgest dish o hummus. Abu Ghosh is kent for its guid relations wi the State o Israel an walcomin attitude toward Israelis.
History
eeditAbu Ghosh is ane o the earliest auries o human habitation in Israel.[1] Airchaeological excavations hae revealed 3 neolithic settlement phases, the middle phase is datit tae the 7t millennium BCE.[2] Its auld Arabic name o Qaryat al'Inab ("Grape Veelage") haes led Abu Ghosh tae be identifee'd wi the biblical steid o Kiryat Ye'arim.[1] Legio X Fretensis o the Roman airmy haed a station hoose in Abu Ghosh till the end o the 3rd century.[1] The veelage haes an aa been associatit wi Anathoth, the birthplace o the prophet Jeremiah.
Ottoman era
eeditAbu Ghosh is the name o an Arab faimily that settled here in the early 16t century.[1] Accordin tae the faimily tradition, they haed Circassian strynd, an the foonder fechtit wi Selim I.[3] In the 18t century they lived in a veelage near Beit Nuba, frae which they ruled the surroondin region.[3] Housomeivver, accordin tae the tradition, the Bani Amir tribesmen an the veelagers o Beit Liqya rose against them an slaughtered the entire Abu Ghosh clan except for one wumman an her baby, who continued the Abu Ghosh name.[3]
The faimily controlled the pilgrimage route frae Jaffa tae Jerusalem, an imposed tolls on aw pilgrims passin throu. The kirks in Jerusalem an aa payed a tax tae the Abu Ghosh clan.[1][4] In the 19t century, the veelage wis an aa referred tae as Kuryet el' Enab.[5]
The Abu Ghoshes wur grantit a “firman” tae impose tolls on pilgrims an visitors tae Jerusalem.[6] The Abu Ghoshes wur amang the maist kent feudal faimilies in Palestine. They govrened 22 veelages.[7] The sheikh o Abu Ghosh lived in an impressive hoose descrieved bi pilgrims an tourists as a "true palace…, a castle…, a protective fortress…”[8]
Abu Ghosh wis attacked bi Egyptian military forces in the 1834 Arab revolt in Palestine It wis attacked again in 1853 durin a ceevil war atween feudal faimilies unner Ahmad Abu Ghosh who ordered his nephew Mustafa tae gang tae battle. A third attack on Abu Ghosh carried oot bi the Ottoman military forces, helped an executit bi the Breetish forces, durin the military expedition against the feudal faimilies in the 1860s.
Kiryat Anavim, the first kibbutz in the Judean Hills, wis foondit near Abu Ghosh in 1914, on land purchased frae the Abu Ghosh faimily.[9]
See an aw
eeditReferences
eedit- ↑ a b c d e Moshe Sharon (1 August 1997). Near and Middle East. BRILL. p. 3. ISBN 9789004108332. Retrieved 13 Januar 2011.
- ↑ Avraham Negev, Shimon Gibson (2005) Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. Continuum International Publishing Group, ISBN 0826485715
- ↑ a b c Ruth Kark and Michal Oren-Nordheim (2001). Jerusalem and its Environs. Hebrew University Magnes Press. pp. 230–231. ISBN 0814329098.
- ↑ Abu Ghosh - The Saga of an Arab Village
- ↑ Survey of Western Palestine, 1870. Index page 3.
- ↑ Alexander Schoelch, Palatina im Umbruch [citation needit]
- ↑ Finn, James (1878): Stirring Times, or, Records from Jerusalem Consular Chronicles of 1853 to 1856. Edited and Compiled by His Widow E. A. Finn. With a Preface by the Viscountess Strangford. Volume 1 p. 230
- ↑ Sepp, Jerusalem und das heilige land, 2 bde, I,S150 Schaffhausen 1863; see also Tischendorf, constantin: Aus dem Heiligen Lande, Leipzig 1862, S 165f; Schölch, Alexander (1993), Palestine in Transformation, 1856-1882: Studies in Social, Economic, and Political Development, Institute for Palestine Studies, ISBN 0887282342
- ↑ Army of shadows: Palestinian collaboration with Zionism, 1917 – 1948 / Hillel Cohen
| Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae Abu Ghosh. |
Bibliography
eedit- Edward Robinson Biblical Researches in Palestine and Adjacent Countries (first published in three volumes, Boston and London, 1841);
- Benny Morris (1994): "1948 and After." ISBN 0-19-827929-9. (Chapter 8, pp. 257–289: The Case of Abu Ghosh and Beit Naqquba, Al Fureidis an Jisr Zarka in 1948 -or Why Four Villages Remained.)
- Sharon, Moshe (1997), Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, Vol. I, A, BRILL, ISBN 9004108335