Tolfa
Tolfa is a toun an comune o the province o Roum, in the Lazio region of central Italy; it lees tae the ENE o Civitavecchia bi road.
Tolfa | |
|---|---|
| Comune di Tolfa | |
  Tolfa Location o Tolfa in Italy | |
| Coordinates: 42°08′59″N 11°56′12″E / 42.14972°N 11.93667°ECoordinates: 42°08′59″N 11°56′12″E / 42.14972°N 11.93667°E | |
| Kintra | Italy |
| Region | Lazio |
| Province | Roum (RM) |
| Frazioni | Santa Severa Nord |
| Govrenment | |
| • Mayor | Alessandro Battilocchio |
| Area | |
| • Total | 167.56 km2 (64.70 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 484 m (1,588 ft) |
| Population (2007)[1] | |
| • Total | 5,133 |
| • Density | 31/km2 (79/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Tolfetani |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 00059 |
| Diallin code | 0766 |
| Patron saunt | St. Giles |
| Saunt day | September 1 |
| Website | Offeecial wabsteid |
It is the main centre in the Monti della Tolfa, a extinct volcanic group atween Civitavecchia an the Loch Bracciano.
History
eeditA bonnie toun o medieval oreegin in the orbit o Viterbo, it wis assumit intae the Papal States an grantit first tae the Capocci faimily, an then tae the Roman nobles Ludovico an Pietro Frangipani who wawed the commonty. Tolfa achievit sudden importance follaein the discovery thare in 1461 o lairge deposits o alunite, the source o alum, wi the result that direct control wis assumit, efter some confrontations wi the Frangipani, bi the Camera Apostolica. Alum wis a essential mordant in the textile industry, which wis central tae the Late Medieval an Early Modren Italian economy. Previously, the anerly supplies o alum wur importit frae the East, frae sources controlled bi the Ottoman Turks, throu Venice, which profitit greatly. Suddenly, the monopoly o alum shiftit tae the Papacy, which controlled Tolfa; Pape Pius II placed its distribution solely in the hand o the Medici, wi the explicit thocht that the income frae this monopoly shoud be devotit tae the Christian res publica as the infidel Turk, elatit bi his victories, threatened tae devour Christendom.[2] Later the monopoly in extraction o alum at Tolfa passed as a papal gift tae Agostino Chigi.
In 1530, Pape Clement VII grantit the status o comune tae Tolfa, which haed ootgrown its medieval waws. In later times Tolfa continued tae be supportit bi the extraction o alum. Near the mine the wirkmen's veelage o Allumiere wis built; it became a autonomous comune in 1826.
Main sichts
eedit- Remains o the waws an o the Frangipani castle (Rocca di Tolfa), destroyed bi the French troops in 1799 efter the city had rebelled against the Roman Republic.
- Town Hall, hoosin a collection o Etruscan an Roman antiquities discovered nearbi.
Twin touns
eedit
Notes
eedit- ↑ All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.
- ↑ Papal brief of 17 June 1472 commissioning Domenico Albergati to treat with the Flemish cloth towns, quoted in F. Saxl, "A Marsilio Ficino Manuscript Written in Bruges in 1475, and the Alum Monopoly of the Popes" Journal of the Warburg Institute 1.1 (July 1937), pp. 61-62. The possibility of alum profits financing a crusade against the Ottomans, pressed by Pius at the Council of Mantua (1459), was no longer an active possibility in 1472.
References
eedit
This airticle incorporates text frae a publication nou in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Cite has empty unkent parameters: |HIDE_PARAMETER15=,|HIDE_PARAMETER13=,|HIDE_PARAMETER14c=,|HIDE_PARAMETER14=,|HIDE_PARAMETER9=,|HIDE_PARAMETER3=,|HIDE_PARAMETER1=,|HIDE_PARAMETER4=,|HIDE_PARAMETER2=,|HIDE_PARAMETER8=,|HIDE_PARAMETER20=,|HIDE_PARAMETER5=,|HIDE_PARAMETER7=,|HIDE_PARAMETER10=,|separator=,|HIDE_PARAMETER14b=,|HIDE_PARAMETER6=,|HIDE_PARAMETER11=, and|HIDE_PARAMETER12=(help)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
