Ramsay MacDonald

James Ramsay MacDonald, PC, FRS (12 October 1866 in Lossie, Morayshire – 9 November 1937) wis a Breetish statesman wha wis the first iver Labour Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick, leadin a Labour Govrenment in 1924, a Labour Govrenment frae 1929 tae 1931, an a Naitional Govrenment frae 1931 tae 1935.

The Richt Honourable Ramsay MacDonald FRS MP
Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick
In office 5 Juin 1929 – 7 Juin 1935
Monarch	George V
Precedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Succeedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
In office 22 January 1924 – 4 November 1924
Monarch	George V
Precedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Succeedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Leader o the Opposeetion
In office 4 November 1924 – 5 Juin 1929
Monarch	George V
Prime Meenister	Stanley Baldwin
Precedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Succeedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
In office 21 November 1922 – 22 January 1924
Monarch	George V
Prime Meenister	Bonar Law Stanley Baldwin
Precedit bi	H. H. Asquith
Succeedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Leader o the Labour Pairty
In office 22 November 1922 – 1 September 1931
Depute	John Robert Clynes
Precedit bi	John Robert Clynes
Succeedit bi	Arthur Henderson
In office 6 Februar 1911 – 5 August 1914
Chief Whip	George Henry Roberts Arthur Henderson
Precedit bi	George Nicoll Barnes
Succeedit bi	Arthur Henderson
Laird Preses o the Cooncil
In office 7 Juin 1935 – 28 May 1937
Prime Meenister	Stanley Baldwin
Precedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Succeedit bi	The Viscoont Halifax
Leader o the Hoose o Commons
In office 5 Juin 1929 – 7 Juin 1935
Precedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Succeedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
In office 22 Januar 1924 – 3 November 1924
Precedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Succeedit bi	Stanley Baldwin
Secretar o State for Furrin Affairs
In office 22 Januar 1924 – 3 November 1924
Precedit bi	The Marquess Curzon
Succeedit bi	Austen Chamberlain
Member o Pairlament for the Combined Scots Varsities
In office 31 Januar 1936 – 9 November 1937
Precedit bi	Noel Skelton
Succeedit bi	Sir John Anderson
Member o Pairlament for Seaham
In office 30 Mey 1929 – 14 November 1935
Precedit bi	Sidney Webb
Succeedit bi	Emanuel Shinwell
Member o Pairlament for Aberavon
In office 15 November 1922 – 30 May 1929
Precedit bi	John Edwards
Succeedit bi	William Cove
Member o Pairlament for Leicester
In office 8 Februar 1906 – 14 December 1918 Servin with Henry Broadhurst, Franklin Thomasson, Eliot Crawshay-Williams, Sir Gordon Hewart
Precedit bi	John Rolleston Henry Broadhurst
Succeedit bi	Constituency abolished
Personal details
Born	James MacDonald Ramsay 12 October 1866(1866-10-12) Lossie, Morayshire, Scotland, UK
Dee'd	9 November 1937(1937-11-09) (aged 71) Atlantic Ocean, (on haliday abuird the ocean liner Reina del Pacifico)
Restin place	Spynie Cemetery, Morayshire
Naitionality	Breetish
Poleetical pairty	Labour (till 1931) Naitional Labour (from 1931)
Spoose(s)	Margaret Gladstone (m. 1896; her death 1911)
Bairns	6
Parents	John MacDonald Anne Ramsay
Alma mater	Birkbeck, Varsity o Lunnon
Profession	Politeecian
Religion	Free Kirk o Scotland
Signatur

MacDonald, alang wi Keir Hardie an Arthur Henderson, wis ane o the three preencipal foonders o the Labour Pairty. He wis chairman o the Labour MPs afore 1914 an, efter an eclipse in his career caused bi his opposeetion tae the First Warld War, he wis Leader o the Labour Pairty frae 1922. The seicont Labour Govrenment (1929–31) wis dominatit bi the Great Depression. He formed the Naitional Govrenment fur tae cairy oot spendin cuts fur tae defend the gowd staundart, but it haed tae be abandoned efter the Invergordon Mutiny, an he cried a general election in 1931 seekin a "doctor's mandate" tae fix the economy. The Naitional coaleetion wan an owerwhelmin laundslide an the Labour Pairty wis reduced tae a rump o aroond 50 seats in the Hoose o Commons. His heal gaed doun the brae an he stuid doun as Prime Meenister in 1935, remeenin as Laird Preses of the Cooncil till reteerin in 1937. He dee'd later that year.

MacDonald's speeches an beuks made him an important theoreteecian. Historian John Shepherd states that "MacDonald's naitural gifts o an imposin presence, eesome featurs an a perswasive oratory deleevert wi an arrestin Hielands accent made him the iconic Labour leader". After 1931, MacDonald wis repeatitly an bitterly denoonced bi the Labour muivement as a traitor tae thair cause. Syne the 1960s, historians hae defendit his reputation, emphasis in his earlier role in biggin up the Labour Pairty, dealin wi the Great Depression, an as a forerinner o the poleetical realignments o the 1990s an 2000s.

Aerly life

Macdonald wis born tae a hoosemaid an ae ferm wirkir in Morayshire, on 12 October 1866. His parents wir niver mairrit. He wis educatit at the Free Kirk schuil an Drainie pairish schuil afore leavin at feifteen year auld tae wirk on a ferm an as a pupil teacher at the schuil. Whan he wis echteen he wis taen tae Bristol bi a meenester Mordaunt Crofton tae help stert ae boy's an men's group at St Stephen's Kirk. In Bristol he learnt anent politics an jynt the Social Democratic Foundation.