Wikipedia

Columbia River

The Columbia River is the lairgest river in the Paceefic Northwast region o North Americae.

Columbia River
Aerial view o a lairge river windin throu a moontainous gorge. It passes ower a dam stretchin in fower segments frae bank to bank athort three intervenin islands. Heichweys, passin by clusters o biggins here an there on baith banks, run parallel tae the river. Whitewatter an foam curl dounriver frae an o the central segments.
Name oreegin: Captain Robert Gray's ship, Columbia Rediviva
Nickname: Big River, the River o the Wast, River Oregon[1]
Kintras Unitit States, Canadae
States Washington, Oregon
Province Breetish Columbie
Tributaries
 - left Spillimacheen River, Beaver River, Illecillewaet River, Incomappleux River, Kootenay River, Pend Oreille River, Spokane River, Snake River, John Day River, Deschutes River, Willamette River
 - right Kicking Horse River, Blaeberry River, Canoe River, Kettle River, Sanpoil River, Okanogan River, Entiat River, Wenatchee River, Yakima River, Lewis River, Cowlitz River
Ceeties Revelstoke, BC, Wenatchee, WA, East Wenatchee, WA, Tri-Cities, WA, The Dalles, OR, Hood River, OR, Portland, OR, Vancouver, WA, Longview, WA, Astoria, OR
Soorce Columbia Lake
 - location British Columbia, Canada
 - elevation 2,690 ft (820 m) [2]
 - coordinates 50°13′35″N 115°51′05″W / 50.22639°N 115.85139°W / 50.22639; -115.85139 [3]
Mooth Paceefic Ocean, at Clatsop County, Oregon / Pacific County, Washington
 - elevation 0 ft (0 m)
 - coordinates 46°14′39″N 124°3′29″W / 46.24417°N 124.05806°W / 46.24417; -124.05806Coordinates: 46°14′39″N 124°3′29″W / 46.24417°N 124.05806°W / 46.24417; -124.05806 [4]
Lenth 1,243 mi (2,000 km) [5]
Basin 258,000 sq mi (668,000 km2)
Discharge for mouth (average); max and min at The Dalles, Oregon, 188.9 mile (304.0 km) from the mouth
 - average 265,000 cu ft/s (7,500 m3/s) [6] [7][8]
 - max 1,240,000 cu ft/s (35,100 m3/s)
 - min 12,100 cu ft/s (300 m3/s)
Three-colour map o the Columbia River wattershed. The wattershed is shaped rouchlie like a funnel with its wide end tae the east and its narrow end along the border atween Washington and Oregon as it nears the Paceefic Ocean. The wattershed extends intae the westren US states o Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, an Montana, an the wastren Canadae province o Breetish Columbia as far east as its border with Alberta. The river itself makes a hairpin turn from north-wast tae sooth in Breetish Columbia, an another sharp turn from sooth to wast as it nears Oregon.
Columbia River drainage basin
Wikimedia Commons: Columbia River

References

eedit
  1. ↑ Holbrook, Stewart (1956). The Columbia. San Francisco: Comstock Editions. ISBN 978-0-89174-051-3.
  2. ↑ Marsh, James H. (2013). "Columbia River". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Foundation. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  3. ↑ "Columbia Lake". Canadian Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada. 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
  4. ↑ "Columbia River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 28 November 1980. Archived frae the original on 22 Juin 2020. Retrieved 1 Apryle 2008.
  5. ↑ "The Columbia River". Columbia River Keeper. 2013. Archived frae the original on 7 Januar 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
  6. ↑ Kammerer, J. C. (Mey 1990). "Largest Rivers in the United States". United States Geological Survey. Archived frae the original on 29 Januar 2017. Retrieved 1 Apryle 2008. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Kimbrough, R. A.; Ruppert, G. P.; Wiggins, W. D.; Smith, R. R.; Kresch, D. L. (2006). "Water Data Report WA-05-1: Klickitat and White Salmon River Basins and the Columbia River from Kennewick to Bonneville Dam" (PDF). Water Resources Data-Washington Water Year 2005. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 1 Apryle 2008.
  8. ↑ Loy et al. 2001, pp. 164–65.
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