Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke o Wellington

Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke o Wellington KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (1 Mey 1769 – 14 September 1852), wis an Anglo-Erse soldier an statesman, an ane o the leadin militar an poleetical feegurs o 19t-century Britain. His defeat o Napoleon at the Battle o Waterloo in 1815 put him in the tap rank o Breetain's militar heroes.


The Duke o Wellington

The Duke o Wellington, bi Sir Thomas Lawrence. Pentit in 1814, a few months afore the Battle o Waterloo.
Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kingdom
In office
14 November 1834 – 10 December 1834
MonarchWilliam IV
Precedit biThe Viscoont Melbourne
Succeedit biSir Robert Peel
In office
22 Januar 1828 – 16 November 1830
MonarchGeorge IV
William IV
Precedit biThe Viscoont Goderich
Succeedit biThe Yerl Grey
Leader o the Hoose o Lords
In office
3 September 1841 – 27 Juin 1846
Prime MeenisterSir Robert Peel
Precedit biThe Viscoont Melbourne
Succeedit biThe Marquess o Lansdowne
In office
14 November 1834 – 18 Aprile 1835
Prime MeenisterSir Robert Peel
Precedit biThe Viscoont Melbourne
Succeedit biThe Viscoont Melbourne
In office
22 Januar 1828 – 22 November 1830
Precedit biThe Viscoont Goderich
Succeedit biThe Yerl Grey
Foreign Secretar
In office
14 November 1834 – 18 Aprile 1835
Prime MeenisterSir Robert Peel
Precedit biThe Viscoont Palmerston
Succeedit biThe Viscoont Palmerston
Hame Secretar
In office
17 November 1834 – 15 December 1834
Precedit biThe Viscoont Duncannon
Succeedit biHenry Goulburn
Secretar o State for War an the Colonies
In office
17 November 1834 – 9 December 1834
Precedit biThomas Spring Rice
Succeedit biThe Yerl o Aiberdeen
Personal details
BornArthur Wesley
1 Mey 1769
6 Merrion Street, Dublin, Coonty Dublin, Ireland[1]
Dee'd14 September 1852(1852-09-14) (aged 83)
Walmer Castle, Kent, Ingland, Unitit Kinrick
Restin placeSt Paul's Cathedral, Lunnon
Poleetical pairtyTory (till 1834), Conservative (1834 onward)
Spoose(s)Catherine Pakenham
BairnsArthur
Charles
ReligionKirk o Ireland
Signatur
Militar service
Allegiance Unitit Kinrick
Service/brainchBreetish Airmy
Years o service1787–1852
RankField Marshal
CommandsCommander-in-Chief o the Breetish Airmy
Battles/wars
Awairds

Wellesley wis born in Dublin intae the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. He wis commissioned as an ensign in the Breetish Airmy in 1787, servin in Ireland as aide-de-camp tae twa successive Lairds Lieutenant o Ireland. He wis an aw electit as a Member o Pairlament in the Erse Hoose o Commons. He wis a colonel bi 1796 an saw action in the Netherlands an in Indie, whaur he focht in the Fowert Anglo-Mysore War at the Battle o Seringapatam. He wis appyntit govrenor o Seringapatam an Mysore in 1799 an, as a newly appyntit major-general, wan a decisive veectory ower the Maratha Confederacy at the Battle o Assaye in 1803.

Wellesley rose tae prominence as a general in the Peninsular campaign o the Napoleonic Wars, an wis promotit tae the rank o field marshal efter leadin the allied forces tae veectory again the French Empire at the Battle o Vitoria in 1813. Follaein Napoleon's exile in 1814, he served as the ambassador tae Fraunce an wis grantit a dukedom. In the Hunder Days in 1815, he commandit the allied airmy that, thegither wi a Proushie Airmy unner Blücher, defeatit Napoleon at Waterloo. Wellington's battle record is exemplary; he ultimately pairteecipatit in some 60 battles in the coorse o his militar career.

Wellington is famous for his adaptive defensive style o warfare, resultin in several veectories against numerically superior forces while minimisin his awn losses. He is regairdit as ane o the greatest defensive commanders o aw time, an mony o his tactics an battle plans are still studied in militar academies aroond the warld. Efter the end o his active militar career, he returned tae politics. He wis twice Breetish prime meenister as a member o the Tory pairty: frae 1828 tae 1830, an for a little less nor a month in 1834. He owersaw the passage o the Catholic Relief Act 1829, but opponed the Reform Act 1832. He conteenaed as ane o the leadin feegurs in the Hoose o Lairds till his reteerment an remeened Commander-in-Chief o the Breetish Airmy till his daith.

References

eedit
  1. Wellesley (2008). p. 16.
  2. Gifford (1817). p. 375.