Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke o Wellington
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke o Wellington KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (1 Mey 1769 – 14 September 1852), wis an Anglo-Erse soldier an statesman, an ane o the leadin militar an poleetical feegurs o 19t-century Britain. His defeat o Napoleon at the Battle o Waterloo in 1815 put him in the tap rank o Breetain's militar heroes.
The Duke o Wellington | |
|---|---|
 The Duke o Wellington, bi Sir Thomas Lawrence. Pentit in 1814, a few months afore the Battle o Waterloo. | |
| Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kingdom | |
| In office 14 November 1834 – 10 December 1834 | |
| Monarch | William IV |
| Precedit bi | The Viscoont Melbourne |
| Succeedit bi | Sir Robert Peel |
| In office 22 Januar 1828 – 16 November 1830 | |
| Monarch | George IV William IV |
| Precedit bi | The Viscoont Goderich |
| Succeedit bi | The Yerl Grey |
| Leader o the Hoose o Lords | |
| In office 3 September 1841 – 27 Juin 1846 | |
| Prime Meenister | Sir Robert Peel |
| Precedit bi | The Viscoont Melbourne |
| Succeedit bi | The Marquess o Lansdowne |
| In office 14 November 1834 – 18 Aprile 1835 | |
| Prime Meenister | Sir Robert Peel |
| Precedit bi | The Viscoont Melbourne |
| Succeedit bi | The Viscoont Melbourne |
| In office 22 Januar 1828 – 22 November 1830 | |
| Precedit bi | The Viscoont Goderich |
| Succeedit bi | The Yerl Grey |
| Foreign Secretar | |
| In office 14 November 1834 – 18 Aprile 1835 | |
| Prime Meenister | Sir Robert Peel |
| Precedit bi | The Viscoont Palmerston |
| Succeedit bi | The Viscoont Palmerston |
| Hame Secretar | |
| In office 17 November 1834 – 15 December 1834 | |
| Precedit bi | The Viscoont Duncannon |
| Succeedit bi | Henry Goulburn |
| Secretar o State for War an the Colonies | |
| In office 17 November 1834 – 9 December 1834 | |
| Precedit bi | Thomas Spring Rice |
| Succeedit bi | The Yerl o Aiberdeen |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Arthur Wesley 1 Mey 1769 6 Merrion Street, Dublin, Coonty Dublin, Ireland[1] |
| Dee'd | 14 September 1852 (aged 83) Walmer Castle, Kent, Ingland, Unitit Kinrick |
| Restin place | St Paul's Cathedral, Lunnon |
| Poleetical pairty | Tory (till 1834), Conservative (1834 onward) |
| Spoose(s) | Catherine Pakenham |
| Bairns | Arthur Charles |
| Religion | Kirk o Ireland |
| Signatur |  |
| Militar service | |
| Allegiance | .svg){kind=small} Unitit Kinrick |
| Service/brainch | Breetish Airmy |
| Years o service | 1787–1852 |
| Rank | Field Marshal |
| Commands | Commander-in-Chief o the Breetish Airmy |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awairds | |
Wellesley wis born in Dublin intae the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. He wis commissioned as an ensign in the Breetish Airmy in 1787, servin in Ireland as aide-de-camp tae twa successive Lairds Lieutenant o Ireland. He wis an aw electit as a Member o Pairlament in the Erse Hoose o Commons. He wis a colonel bi 1796 an saw action in the Netherlands an in Indie, whaur he focht in the Fowert Anglo-Mysore War at the Battle o Seringapatam. He wis appyntit govrenor o Seringapatam an Mysore in 1799 an, as a newly appyntit major-general, wan a decisive veectory ower the Maratha Confederacy at the Battle o Assaye in 1803.
Wellesley rose tae prominence as a general in the Peninsular campaign o the Napoleonic Wars, an wis promotit tae the rank o field marshal efter leadin the allied forces tae veectory again the French Empire at the Battle o Vitoria in 1813. Follaein Napoleon's exile in 1814, he served as the ambassador tae Fraunce an wis grantit a dukedom. In the Hunder Days in 1815, he commandit the allied airmy that, thegither wi a Proushie Airmy unner Blücher, defeatit Napoleon at Waterloo. Wellington's battle record is exemplary; he ultimately pairteecipatit in some 60 battles in the coorse o his militar career.
Wellington is famous for his adaptive defensive style o warfare, resultin in several veectories against numerically superior forces while minimisin his awn losses. He is regairdit as ane o the greatest defensive commanders o aw time, an mony o his tactics an battle plans are still studied in militar academies aroond the warld. Efter the end o his active militar career, he returned tae politics. He wis twice Breetish prime meenister as a member o the Tory pairty: frae 1828 tae 1830, an for a little less nor a month in 1834. He owersaw the passage o the Catholic Relief Act 1829, but opponed the Reform Act 1832. He conteenaed as ane o the leadin feegurs in the Hoose o Lairds till his reteerment an remeened Commander-in-Chief o the Breetish Airmy till his daith.