Turkmenistan
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Coordinates: 40°N 60°E / 40°N 60°E
Turkmenistan (Turkmen:Türkmenistan), cried Turkmenia (Roushie:Туркмения) an aa, is ane o the Turkic states in Central Asie. Till 1991, it wis a constituent republic o the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR). Turkmenistan is ane o the sax independent Turkic states. It is bordered bi Afghanistan tae the sootheast, Iran tae the sooth an soothwast, Uzbekistan tae the east an northeast, Kazakhstan tae the north an northwast an the Caspian Sea tae the wast.
Turkmenistan Türkmenistan (Turkmen) | |
|---|---|
Anthem: Garaşsyz Bitarap Türkmenistanyň Döwlet Gimni State Anthem o Independent, Neutral Turkmenistan | |
.svg) Location o Turkmenistan (reid) | |
| Caipital and largest city | Ashgabat 37°58′N 58°20′E / 37.967°N 58.333°E |
| Offeecial leids | Turkmen[1] |
| Inter-ethnic leids | Roushie |
| Ethnic groups (2003) | |
| Demonym(s) | Turkmen |
| Govrenment | Unitary dominant-pairty presidential republic unner an Authoritarian Regime |
• Preses | Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow |
| Akja Nurberdiýewa | |
| Legislatur | Mejlis |
| Formation | |
| 1511 | |
| 30 Apryle 1918 | |
| 13 Mey 1925 | |
• Declared state sovereignty | 22 August 1990 |
• Declared unthirldom frae the Soviet Union | 27 October 1991 |
• Recognised | 26 December 1991 |
| 18 Mey 1992 | |
| Aurie | |
• Total | 491,210 km2 (189,660 sq mi)[3] (53rd) |
• Water (%) | 4.9 |
| Population | |
• 2014 estimate | 5,171,943[4] (117t) |
• Density | 10.5/km2 (27.2/sq mi) (221st) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2017 estimate |
• Total | $103.987 billion[5] |
• Per capita | $18,771[5] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2017 estimate |
• Tot | $42.355 billion[5] |
• Per capita | $7,645[5] |
| Gini (1998) | 40.8 medium |
| HDI (2014) |  0.688[6]medium · 109t |
| Currency | Turkmen new manat (TMT) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (TMT) |
| Drivin side | richt |
| Cawin code | +993 |
| ISO 3166 code | TM |
| Internet TLD | .tm |
Admeenistrative diveesions
eedit
Turkmenistan is dividit intae five provinces or welayatlar (singular welayat) an ane caipital ceety destrict. The provinces are subdividit intae destricts (etraplar, sing. etrap), which mey be aither coonties or ceeties. Accordin tae the Constitution o Turkmenistan (Airticle 16 in the 2008 Constitution, Airticle 47 in the 1992 Constitution), some ceeties mey hae the status o welaýat (province) or etrap (destrict).
References
eedit- ↑ https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Turkmenistan_2008.pdf
- ↑ "Turkmenistan". CIA World Factbook. Archived frae the original on 12 Juin 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
- ↑ Государственный комитет Туркменистана по статистике : Информация о Туркменистане : О Туркменистане Archived 7 Januar 2012 at the Wayback Machine : Туркменистан — одна из пяти стран Центральной Азии, вторая среди них по площади (491,21 тысяч км2), расположен в юго-западной части региона в зоне пустынь, севернее хребта Копетдаг Туркмено-Хорасанской горной системы, между Каспийским морем на западе и рекой Амударья на востоке.
- ↑ Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009). "World Population Prospects, Table A.1" (PDF). 2008 revision. United Nations. Retrieved 12 Mairch 2009. Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - ↑ a b c d "Turkmenistan". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 2 Juin 2016.
- ↑ "2015 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
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