Template:Featurt airticle/September 2019
Genetics a field in biology, is the science o genes, heredity, an variation in livin organisms.
The faither o genetics is Gregor Mendel, a late 19t-century scientist an Augustinian freear. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the wey traits are haundit doun frae paurents tae affspring. He observed that organisms (pease plants) inherit traits bi way o discrete "units o inheritance". This term, still uised the day, is a somewhit ambiguous definition o whit is referred tae as a gene.
Trait inheritance an molecular inheritance mechanisms o genes are still primar principles o genetics in the 21st century, but modren genetics has expaundit ayont inheritance tae studyin the function an behaviour o genes. Gene structur andfunction, variation, an distribution are studied within the context o the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), an within the context o a population. Genetics haes gien rise tae a nummer o subfields, includin epigenetics an population genetics. Organisms studied within the broad field span the domeen o life, includin bacteria, plants, ainimals, an humans.