Ethylene
Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocaurbon that haes the formula C
2H
4 or H2C=CH2. It is a colourless flammable gas wi a faint "sweet an musky" odour whan pure.[4] It is the semplest alkene (a hydrocaurbon wi caurbon-caurbon dooble bonds).
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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name
Ethene
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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| EC Nummer | 200-815-3 | ||
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| Properties | |||
| C 2H 4 | |||
| Molar mass | 28.05 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | colourless gas | ||
| Density | 1.178 kg/m3 at 15 °C, gas[1] | ||
| Meltin pynt | −169.2 °C (−272.6 °F; 104.0 K) | ||
| Bylin pynt | −103.7 °C (−154.7 °F; 169.5 K) | ||
| 3.5 mg/100 mL (17 °C);[citation needit] 2.9 mg/L[2] | |||
| Solubility in ethanol | 4.22 mg/L[2] | ||
| Solubility in diethyl ether | guid[2] | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | 44 | ||
| Magnetic susceptibility | -15.30·10−6 cm3/mol | ||
| Structur | |||
| Molecular shape | D2h | ||
| zero | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
| Staundart molar entropy S |
219.32 J·K−1·mol−1 | ||
| Std enthalpy o formation ΔfH |
+52.47 kJ/mol | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Safety data sheet | ICSC 0475 | ||
| EU clessification |  F+
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| R-phrases | R12 R67 | ||
| S-phrases | (S2) S9 S16 S33 S46 | ||
| NFPA 704 | |||
| Flash pynt | −136 °C (−213 °F; 137 K) | ||
| 542.8 °C (1,009.0 °F; 815.9 K) | |||
| Relatit compoonds | |||
Relatit compoonds
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Ethane Acetylene Propene | ||
Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
 verify (whit is   ?)
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| Infobox references | |||
Ethylene is widely uised in the chemical industrie, an its warldwide production (ower 150 million tonnes in 2016[5]) exceeds that o ony other organic compoond.[6][7] Muckle o this production gaes taewart polyethylene, a widely uised plastic conteenin polymer cheens o ethylene units in various cheen lenths. Ethylene is an aw an important naitural plant hormone an is uised in agricultur tae force the ripenin o fruits.[8] Ethylene's hydrate is ethanol.
References
eedit- ↑ Record o Ethylene in the GESTIS Substance Database frae the IFA, accessed on 25 October 2007
- ↑ a b c Neiland, O. Ya. (1990) Органическая химия: Учебник для хим. спец. вузов. Moscow. Vysshaya Shkola. p. 128.
- ↑ ETHYLENE | CAMEO Chemicals | NOAA. Cameochemicals.noaa.gov. Retrieved on 2016-04-24.
- ↑ Zimmermann, Heinz; Walz, Roland (2008). "Ethylene". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_045.pub3. ISBN 978-3527306732.
- ↑ Research and Markets. "The Ethylene Technology Report 2016 - Research and Markets". www.researchandmarkets.com. Retrieved 19 Juin 2016.
- ↑ "Production: Growth is the Norm". Chemical and Engineering News. 84 (28): 59–236. 10 Julie 2006. doi:10.1021/cen-v084n034.p059.
- ↑ "Propylene Production from Methanol". Intratec. 31 Mey 2012. ISBN 978-0-615-64811-8.
- ↑ Wang K, Li H, Ecker J; Li; Ecker (2002). "Ethylene Biosynthesis and Signaling Networks". Plant Cell. 14 (Suppl): S131–51. doi:10.1105/tpc.001768. PMC 151252. PMID 12045274.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors leet (link)