Bromine

Bromine, ₃₅Br
Bromine
Pronunciation	/ˈbroʊmiːn, -mɪn/ (BROH-meen, -min)
Appearance	gas/liquid: red-brown; solid: metallic luster
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Br)	[79.901, 79.907] conventional: 79.904
Mass number	Br:
Bromine in the periodic cairt
	selenium ← bromine → krypton
Atomic nummer (Z)	35
Group	group 17 (halogens)
Period	period 4
Block	p-block
Element category	Reactive nonmetal
Electron confeeguration	[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 7
Pheesical properties
Phase at STP	liquid
Meltin pynt	265.8 K (-7.2 °C, 19 °F)
Bylin pynt	332.0 K (58.8 °C, 137.8 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	(Br2, liquid) 3.1028 g/cm3
Treeple pynt	265.90 K, 5.8 kPa
Creetical pynt	588 K, 10.34 MPa
Heat o fusion	(Br2) 10.571 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation	(Br2) 29.96 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(Br2); 75.69 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1, +1, +3, +4, +5, +7 strangly acidic
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.96
Atomic radius	empirical: 120 pm
Covalent radius	120±3 pm
Van der Waals radius	185 pm
	Spectral lines o bromine
Ither properties
Naitural occurrence	Br: Primordial
Creestal structur	orthorhombic
Speed o soond	(20°C) 206 m/s
Thermal conductivity	0.122 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	7.8×1010 Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderin	diamagnetic
CAS Nummer	7726-95-6
History
Diskivery	Antoine Jérôme Balard an Leopold Gmelin (1825)
First isolation	Antoine Jérôme Balard an Leopold Gmelin (1825)
Main isotopes o bromine
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Bromine (frae [βρῶμος, brómos] error: {{lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help), meanin "strang-smellin" or "stench")^[3] is a chemical element wi the seembol Br, an atomic nummer o 35. It is in the halogen group (17). The element wis isolatit independently bi twa chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig an Antoine Jerome Balard, in 1825–1826. Elemental bromine is a fumin reid-broun liquid at ruim temperatur, corrosive an toxic, wi properties atween those o chlorine an iodine. Free bromine daes nae occur in naitur, but occurs as colorless soluble crystalline mineral halide sauts, analogous tae table saut.

ReferencesEedit

↑ ^a ^b Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nt ed.). CRC Press. p. 4.121. ISBN 1439855110.
↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Turner, Edward (1828). Elements of chemistry: including the recent discoveries and doctrines of the science. p. 467. The name first applied to it by its discoverer is muride; but it has since been changed to brome..from the Greek βρῶμος signifying a strong or rank odour. This appellation may in the English language be properly converted into that of Bromine.

[b92-1] Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nt ed.). CRC Press. p. 4.121. ISBN 1439855110.

[2] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[Turner-3] Turner, Edward (1828). Elements of chemistry: including the recent discoveries and doctrines of the science. p. 467. The name first applied to it by its discoverer is muride; but it has since been changed to brome..from the Greek βρῶμος signifying a strong or rank odour. This appellation may in the English language be properly converted into that of Bromine.

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