The Shard
The "Scots" that wis uised in this airticle wis written bi a body that haesna a guid grip on the leid. Please mak this airticle mair better gin ye can. |
The Shard,[a] referred tae as the Shard o Glass,[7][8] Shard Lunnon Brig[9] an umwhile Lunnon Brig Touer,[10][11][12] is an 87-storey skyscraper in Lunnon that forms pairt o the Lunnon Brig Quarter development. The Shard's construction began in Mairch 2009; it wis tappt oot on 30 Mairch 2012[13] an inaugurated on 5 Julie 2012. Practical completion wis achieved in November 2012.
| The Shard | |
|---|---|
 The Shard in Januar 2013 | |
| General information | |
| Status | Duin |
| Location | 32 Joiner street, Southwark Lunnon, Ingland |
| Coordinates | 51°30′16″N 0°05′11″W / 51.5045°N 0.0865°WCoordinates: 51°30′16″N 0°05′11″W / 51.5045°N 0.0865°W |
| Biggin stairtit | Mairch 2009 |
| Completit | Julie 2012 (opened Februar 2013)[1] |
| Cost | ~£435 million (contract cost anly)[2] |
| Hicht | |
| Antenna spire | 306 m (1,004 ft)[3] |
| Ruif | 304.1 m (998 ft)[4] |
| Technical details | |
| Fluir coont | 87 (includin plant fluirs) 72 (habitable) |
| Fluir aurie | 110,000 m2 (1,200,000 sq ft) |
| Lifts/elevators | 44[5] |
| Design an construction | |
| Airchitect | Renzo Piano |
| Developer | Sellar Property Group |
| Structural ingineer | EC Harris (project managers), WSP Cantor Seinuk (structural ingineers), Robert Bird Group (concrete temporary wirks), Ischebeck Titan on maist fluirs 40+ (concrete support) |
| Services ingineer | Arup |
| Main contractor | Mace |
| References | |
| [3][6] | |
Notes eedit
- ↑ The biggin's operators offeecially stylise its name as The Shard, wi the wird "the" capitalised.
References eedit
- ↑ "The Shard Opens Viewing Deck To Visitors". Sky News. 2 Februar 2013. Archived frae the original on 3 Mairch 2016. Retrieved 2 Februar 2013.
- ↑ "The Shard, London: Cost of Europe's Tallest Building". TheRichest.org. 15 Julie 2012. Archived frae the original on 23 Juin 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2012.
- ↑ a b "The Shard – The Skyscraper Center". Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 26 Apryle 2013.
- ↑ Piano, Renzo (2013). The Shard: London Bridge Tower (in English and Italian). Matador. p. 74. ISBN 978-88-6264-006-0.CS1 maint: unrecognised leid (link)
- ↑ The Shard: The Official Guidebook. Thames & Hudson (2013). p.22. ISBN: 9780500342848.
- ↑ The Shard at Emporis. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
- ↑ Bar-Hillel, Mira (24 Februar 2009). "£28bn Shard of Glass to start its ascent". London Evening Standard. Archived frae the original on 27 Mey 2010. Retrieved 7 Julie 2010.
- ↑ "Work starts on Shard of Glass". New Civil Engineer. 2 Apryle 2009. Retrieved 7 Julie 2010.
- ↑ "London Bridge Tower, London". Designbuild-network.com. 15 Juin 2011. Retrieved 6 Julie 2012.
- ↑ Weaver, Matt (15 Apryle 2003). "Battle begins for London Bridge Tower". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 6 Februar 2013.
- ↑ "Shard funding crisis: Tower finances cast shadow over project". World Architecture News. 10 September 2007. Archived frae the original on 29 Mairch 2012. Retrieved 7 Julie 2010.
- ↑ "Why do tall buildings have such silly names?". BBC News. 26 November 2010. Archived frae the original on 27 Mey 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
- ↑ "Shard Tops Out". Skyscrapernews.com. 30 Mairch 2012. Archived frae the original on 13 Mey 2012. Retrieved 2 Apryle 2012.