Karkamış
Karkamış, aka Kargamış, next tae the steid o auncient Karkemish (Kurdish: Girgamêş), is a toun an destrict o Gaziantep Province in sootheastren Turkey. The population o the toun is 2,998 as o 2010.
Karkamış | |
|---|---|
  Karkamış Location o Karkamış in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 36°50′02.40″N 38°00′03.60″E / 36.8340000°N 38.0010000°E | |
| Kintra |  Turkey |
| Region | Sootheastren Anatolie |
| Province | Gaziantep |
| Area | |
| • Total | 314 km2 (121 sq mi) |
| • Density | 42.6/km2 (110/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 27xxx |
| Area code(s) | +(90)342 |
| Website | [1] [2] |
It is a border checkpoint on the road tae Jarabulus in Sirie. In 2004, 8,071 vehicles an 38,263 fowk passed the mairch checkpoint intae Turkey while 8,795 vehicles an 35,474 fowk crossed it towards Sirie.[1]
The River Euphrates runs east o Karkamış soothwairds intae Sirie. At this place, a railwey brig o 870 m (2,850 ft) that wis biggit atween 1911-1913 bi German ingineers as pairt o the Istanbul-Baghdad Railway, crosses the river parallel tae the mairch line.[2]
Ane o the 21 dams o the Sootheastren Anatolia Project (GAP), the Karkamış Dam an hydoelectric pouer station is locatit 4.5 km (2.8 mi) upstream frae the mairch crossin o Euphrates.[3]
History eedit
The Municipality o Karkamış wis established in 1961, afore then bein admeenistratively unner Nizip. At the time o the famous Breetish Museum excavations at the nearbi airchaeological steid tae the East (1911–1914, 1920), Karkamış wis no yet existin, anerlie the railwey station biggit bi the Germans bein awready thare, syne the main veelage at that time wis Jarabulus, nou in Sirie. Efter the Turkis War o Unthirldom a dounset wis established aroond the railwey station namit efter the famous nearbi airchaeological steid.
Airchaeological heritage eedit
The auncient steid o Karkemish is nou an extensive set o ruins, locatit on the Wast bank o Euphrates River, aboot 60 kilometre (37 mi) sootheast o Gaziantep, Turkey an 100 kilometre (62 mi) northeast o Aleppo, Sirie. The steid is crossed bi the Turco-Sirie border. A Turkis military base haes been biggit on the Carchemish acropolis an Inner Toun, an access tae the steid is presently restrictit. Maist o the Ooter Toun lees in Sirie territory.
Carchemish haes aaways been weel kent tae scholars acause o several references tae it in the Bible (Jer. 46:2; 2 Chr. 35:20; Isa. 10:9) an in Egyptian an Assirie texts. Housomeivver, its location wis identifee'd anerlie in 1876 bi George Smith.
The steid wis excavatit bi the British Museum, 1878-1881 bi Patrick Henderson, 1911 bi D. G. Hogarth an R. Campbell Thompson, an frae 1912 tae 1914 bi C. L. Woolley, an T. E. Lawrence ('Lawrence o Arabie').[4][5] [6] Excavations wur interruptit in 1914 bi Warld War I, resumit in 1920 wi Woolley an then endit wi the Turkis War o Unthirldom.[7] Thir expeditions uncovered substantial remains o the Neo-Hittite an Assirie periods, includin defensive structurs, temples, pailaces, an numerous basalt statues an reliefs wi Luwian hieroglyfic inscriptions.
Tho the steid itsel is aff leemits tae tourism, wi the completion in Mairch 2011 o mine clearin operations on the Turkis portion o the steid, airchaeological wirk haes feenally resumit thanks tae a Turco-Italian jynt airchaeological expedeetion in September 2011.[8]
See an aw eedit
References eedit
- ↑ "İdari Durum" (in Turkish). Karkamış Kaymakamlığı. Archived frae the original on 16 October 2008. Retrieved 15 Mairch 2009.
- ↑ "Tarihi Fırat Demiryolu Köprüsü" (in Turkish). Karkamış Kaymakamlığı. Archived frae the original on 16 October 2008. Retrieved 15 Mairch 2009.
- ↑ "Karkamış Barajı" (in Turkish). Karkamış Kaymakamlığı. Archived frae the original on 16 October 2008. Retrieved 15 Mairch 2009.
- ↑ D.G. Hogarth, Carchemish I: Introductory, The British Museum Press, 1914, repr. 1969
- ↑ C.L.Woolley, Carchemish II: Town Defences: Report on the Excavations at Jerablus on Behalf of the British Museum, British Museum Press, 1921, repr. 1969, ISBN 0-7141-1002-7
- ↑ C.L.Woolley & R.D.Burnett, Carchemish III: Excavations in the Inner Town: Report on the Excavations at Jerablus on Behalf of the British Museum, British Museum Press, 1952, repr. 1978, ISBN 0-7141-1003-5
- ↑ H. G. Güterbock, "Carchemish", Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 102-114, 1954
- ↑ Mine-clearing work in Karkamış nears completion Archived 2012-10-15 at the Wayback Machine, Today's Zaman, 5 December 2010. (in Inglis)