Akhenaten
Akhenaten (/ˌækəˈnɑːtən/;[1] an aa spelled Echnaton,[7] Akhenaton,[8] Ikhnaton,[9] an Khuenaten;[10][11] meanin "Effective for Aten") kent afore the fift year o his reign as Amenhotep IV (whiles gien its Greek furm, Amenophis IV, an meanin Amun is Satisfied), wis a Pharaoh o the Aichteent dynasty o Egyp who ruled for 17 years an died aiblins in 1336 BC or 1334 BC. He is especially notit for abandonin tradeetional Egyptian polytheism an introducing worship centred on the Aten, which is whiles describit as monotheistic or henotheistic. An early inscription likens the Aten tae the sun as compared tae starns, an later offeecial leid avoids cryin the Aten a god, givin the solar deity a status abuin mere gods.
| Akhenaten Amenhotep IV | |
|---|---|
| Amenophis IV, Naphu(`)rureya, Ikhnaton[1] | |
 Statue o Akhenaten in the early Amarna style. | |
| Pharaoh | |
| Ring | 1353–1336 BC[2] or 1351–1334 BC[3] (Aichteent dynasty o Egyp) |
| Predecessor | Amenhotep III |
| Successor | Smenkhkare or Neferneferuaten |
| Consort | Nefertiti Kiya Meritaten Ankhesenamun An unidentified sister |
| Childer | Smenkhkare Meritaten Meketaten Ankhesenamun Neferneferuaten Tasherit Neferneferure Setepenre Tutankhamun Ankhesenpaaten-ta-sherit |
| Faither | Amenhotep III |
| Mither | Tiye |
| Dee'd | 1336 or 1334 BC |
| Buirial | Ryal Tomb o Akhenaten, Amarna (oreeginal tomb) KV55 (disputit)[6] |
| Monuments | Akhetaten, Gempaaten, Hwt-Benben |
Akhenaten tried tae bring aboot a departure fraae tradeetional releegion, yet in the end it wad nae be acceptit. Efter his daith, tradeetional releegious practice wis gradually restored, an when some dozen years later rulers wioot clear richts o succession frae the Aichteent Dynasty foondit a new dynasty, thay discreditit Akhenaten an his immediate successors, referrin tae Akhenaten himsel as "the enemy" in airchival records.[12]
References eedit
- ↑ a b "Akhenaten". dictionary.com. Archived frae the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 2 October 2008. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help) - ↑ "Akhenaton". Encyclopaedia Britannica.
- ↑ Beckerath (1997) p.190
- ↑ a b Clayton (2006), p.120
- ↑ a b c d Dodson, Aidan, Amarna Sunset: Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb, and the Egyptian Counter-Reformation. The American University in Cairo Press. 2009, ISBN 978-977-416-304-3, p 170
- ↑ "News from the Valley of the Kings: DNA Shows that KV55 Mummy Probably Not Akhenaten". Kv64.info. 2 Mairch 2010. Archived frae the original on 7 Mairch 2010. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
- ↑ Dominic Montserrat, Akhenaten: History, Fantasy and Ancient Egypt, Psychology Press, 2003, pp 105, 111
- ↑ "Akhenaton (king of Egypt) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia". Britannica.com. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
- ↑ Robert William Rogers, Cuneiform parallels to the Old Testament, Eaton & Mains, 1912, p 252
- ↑ K.A Kitchen, On the reliability of the Old Testament, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2003. p 486 Google Books
- ↑ Joyce A. Tyldesley, Egypt: how a lost civilization was rediscovered, University of California Press, 2005
- ↑ Trigger et al. (2001), pp.186-7